Notable Locations

Home, according to Clear Intent, to Detachment "A" of the 6947th Security Squadron (centered at Homestead AFB), a U.S. Air Force Security Service signals-intelligence unit that monitored Cuban military communications, on Boca Chica Key about 97 miles from the nearest Cuban coastline. The unit's alleged March 1967 radio intercept of a Cuban MiG-21 scramble against an unidentified object is the subject of this site's The 1967 Cuban MiG-21 Jet Incident case file.

Base aérienne 942 "Capitaine Jean Robert," active since 1960 roughly 15km northwest of Lyon, has anchored French air-defense radar and command-and-control functions for over six decades, including the landmark 44-meter "23-centimetre" radar nicknamed "la Boule," installed in 1970, retired from active service in June 2024 and dismantled in April 2025. It hosts CAPCODA (Centre Air de Planification et de Conduite des Opérations et de la Défense Aérienne), the unified air-operations command center created in October 2024 from the merger of the previously separate CNOA and CAPCO units — whose radar and track-reconstruction data GEIPAN cites, under its current name, in its investigation of the 2022 Montluel cloud-distorting object sighting roughly 21km to the east.

Home of the U.S. Army Infantry School since 1918, on the Georgia–Alabama border near Columbus. On the night of September 2, 1977, Pvt. John Vasquez says he and roughly 1,300 fellow soldiers in an evening formation were struck by descending lights and lost hours of memory — a story he says he did not recall until 1989, about 12 years later, later echoed by fellow soldier James Norton in 2011, and the subject of this site's Fort Benning Abduction Case.

The alleged site of the fabricated "Philadelphia Experiment" invisibility legend, supposedly involving USS Eldridge in October 1943. The U.S. Navy's own records show the ship never made port here during the alleged period, and the Office of Naval Research has explicitly denied any such experiment ever took place. Physicist T. Townsend Brown's name was falsely attached to the legend by a 1979 book, thirty-seven years after his real Navy service had ended.

Renamed from Kirtland Army Air Field on January 13, 1948, Kirtland hosted the region's atomic-weapons infrastructure alongside adjoining Sandia Base and served as the base for the 17th District of the Air Force Office of Special Investigations. Beginning December 5, 1948, Kirtland's tower and intelligence officers fielded the first formal aircrew reports of the Green Fireballs, and Lt. Col. Doyle Rees's OSI district office ran much of the investigation that preceded the classified February 1949 Los Alamos conference.

Operating under the Armed Forces Special Weapons Project, Sandia Base handled the final engineering, ordnance assembly, and non-nuclear component work for every atomic weapon in the American arsenal in the late 1940s (its laboratory, run by the Sandia Corporation from 1949, was renamed Sandia National Laboratories in 1979). Together with adjoining Kirtland Air Force Base and Los Alamos, Sandia sat at the geographic center of the 1948–49 Green Fireballs wave.

A small (2.3 km²) North Vietnamese-held island roughly 15 nautical miles off the coast, just north of the DMZ separating North and South Vietnam. Used by North Vietnamese forces for observation and anti-aircraft positions, Tiger Island sat at the edge of Operation Sea Dragon's naval interdiction campaign. In June 1968, recurring unidentified radar and visual contacts near the island — nicknamed "UFOs" by U.S. Marine observers — triggered an alert that led to the loss of Swift boat PCF-19 and, the following night, the friendly-fire missile attack on HMAS Hobart, the subject of this site's HMAS Hobart / DMZ Vietnam Incident case file.

Israel's principal nuclear research and plutonium-production facility, built with French assistance in the late 1950s and operational by the early 1960s, roughly 13 km southeast of the town of Dimona. The surrounding airspace is a permanent, strictly enforced no-fly zone with a decades-long history of airspace-security incidents, including a 1967 friendly-fire shootdown of a damaged Israeli fighter, a 2009 ultralight-aircraft intrusion, and a 2012 Hezbollah drone incursion. On 16 December 2010, an unidentified, unmanned object that had crossed from Jordan was shot down by an F-16 approaching this no-fly zone, on the order of IAF Commander Maj. Gen. Ido Nehushtan; IAF sources described it within hours as "probably a balloon." See the Dimona/Negev Unidentified Object Shootdown case file.

Iran's heavy-water production and IR-40 reactor complex near the village of Khondab, roughly 40 km from the city of Arak, publicly exposed in August 2002 by the National Council of Resistance of Iran and acknowledged to the IAEA during Director General ElBaradei’s February 2003 visit. In the tense period following that disclosure, Iranian Air Force sources speaking years later to aviation journalist Babak Taghvaee described an F-14A Tomcat crew whose radar scope was disrupted, in November 2004, while illuminating a luminous object reported near this facility — one of a wider, single-sourced wave of claimed "luminous object" intercepts Iran attributed to suspected U.S. reconnaissance drones near its nuclear sites. See the Arak F-14 Radar Intercept case file.

A major U.S. Marine Corps (1965–1970) and later U.S. Army combined air, port, and logistics base on South Vietnam's central coast, garrisoned from September 1967 by the 23rd Infantry ("Americal") Division. At 1:52 AM on January 6, 1969, sentries in Observation Tower 72, guarding the base's ammunition supply point, radioed in a silent, glowing, egg-shaped object descending and landing nearby; the base's own Control Tower radar recorded no return. The report, preserved in the division's declassified daily journal, went undiscovered until a 2011 National Archives blog post — the subject of this site's Chu Lai Egg-Shaped Object Incident case file.

Built in the late 1940s under the code name "Site Able," this facility in the foothills of the Manzano Mountains was renamed Manzano Base and passed to Air Force operational control on February 22, 1952; it was the first of the six original U.S. National Stockpile Sites, a complex of earth-covered bunkers and mountainside tunnels. It merged with adjoining Kirtland Air Force Base and Sandia Base on July 1, 1971. Coordinates given are for the modern successor Kirtland Underground Munitions Maintenance and Storage Complex (opened 1992) on the same base; the historic Manzano WSA and its adjoining Coyote Canyon instrumented test range extended further into the Manzano foothills to the southeast, and the exact boundaries of this still-active national-security site are not publicly published. Over several nights in August 1980, security police guarding the area — including SSgt Stephen Ferenz's crew — and a separate Sandia Corporation guard reported an unidentified light that stopped suddenly and landed in Coyote Canyon, and a disk-shaped object that took off vertically near an alarmed structure, a case documented in a declassified AFOSI complaint form and later entangled with the Paul Bennewitz disinformation affair.

Now Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport. Its CAA Air Route Traffic Control radar room (Harry Barnes, Edward Nugent) and control tower (Howard Cocklin, Joe Zacko) were the center of the July 1952 Washington UFO flap, tracking unidentified targets on two consecutive weekends. The episode ended in the Air Force's largest press conference since World War II. The targets passed through the prohibited areas over the White House and the Capitol.

The base ten miles east of Washington National Airport whose short-range radar also tracked unidentified targets during the July 1952 Washington flap. Once, on the night of July 19–20, it and both National Airport radars held the same target for thirty seconds before it vanished from all three; Edward Ruppelt says this happened only once. Airman William Brady and Staff Sgt. Charles Davenport reported a maneuvering orange light that night. When told of a target over the base's radio range station, the tower operators saw a “huge fiery-orange sphere,” but under later interrogation they said it had been “merely a star.” Today known as Joint Base Andrews, home of Air Force One.

New Castle County Air Force Base, home in 1952 of F-94 Starfire interceptors sent to Washington during the July 1952 flap. On July 26–27 targets disappeared from National Airport's scopes as the first pair arrived and returned after they left. A second pair, with Lt. William Patterson, chased lights without closing; Patterson later reported officially that he had seen a ground light reflecting off haze. For July 19–20 accounts differ: later writers describe two jets arriving at about 3 AM, while Edward Ruppelt says a single F-94 arrived near daylight after the targets had gone. Today the site of New Castle Air National Guard Base.

Fargo's municipal airport and, from January 1947, home of the newly organized North Dakota Air National Guard's 178th Fighter Squadron. On the night of October 1, 1948, CAA tower operators Lloyd D. Jensen and H.E. Johnson saw a light move over the field while ANG pilot Lt. George F. Gorman pursued it for 27 minutes in the airspace overhead and to the southwest. Today known as Hector International Airport and the Fargo Air National Guard Base.

A major U.S. military facility in Anchorage, Alaska. During the February 2023 airspace incursions, F-22 Raptor stealth fighters scrambled from this base to intercept and shoot down unidentified high-altitude objects over Alaska and the Yukon Territory.

Headquarters of the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) and U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM). The operations center here coordinated the tracking, scrambling of fighter jets, and ultimate engagement during the February 2023 UAP airspace incursions.

A highly classified military facility built into the mountainside of Papoose Lake, located 15 miles south of Area 51. According to Bob Lazar's 1989 disclosures, this facility housed nine flying discs under study. Lazar claimed he worked on the "Sport Model" craft here, powered by Element 115.

The world's most famous secret military base, officially known as Homey Airport or Groom Lake. A remote detachment of the Edwards Air Force Base, it has been the testbed for advanced stealth programs (U-2, SR-71 Blackbird, F-117 Nighthawk). Bob Lazar says he was flown here before being bussed to S-4.

The largest contiguous military training and weapons-test airspace in the continental United States, spanning more than 12,000 km² of southern Nevada desert and managed in the 1990s by the 99th Range Group at Nellis Air Force Base (inactivated 2001). A radar-slaved tracking camera at a range site labelled S-30, probably a mobile threat-radar trailer, recorded the ambiguous 1994 footage later sold to tabloid television; a second clip came from a site labelled S-13. The range's fenced northern reaches include Groom Lake / Area 51.

Home of the 509th Bomb Group — the only nuclear-capable military unit in the world in 1947 — and the base that issued the famous July 8 press release announcing recovery of a "flying disc." Within hours, the story was retracted by Fort Worth. The debris was flown from here to Fort Worth on July 8 and, according to the FBI teletype, on to Wright Field. Walter Haut's 2002 sealed affidavit claims a craft and bodies were kept in Building 84; that account is disputed.

A major Air Force research installation long rumored to be the ultimate destination for Roswell crash materials. Home of Project Sign, Project Grudge and Project Blue Book (1952–1969). The Foreign Technology Division operated here. The FBI's teletype of July 8, 1947 says the Roswell disc and balloon were being sent to Wright Field "by special plane for examination." Its Air Technical Intelligence Center twice analyzed Nick Mariana's 1950 Great Falls, Montana UFO film, reaching different conclusions in 1950 and 1952.

Headquarters of the Eighth Air Force, commanded by General Roger Ramey. Here on July 8, 1947, after weather officer Irving Newton examined the material flown in from Roswell, Ramey's headquarters identified it as a weather balloon and radar target, replacing the RAAF's "flying disc" announcement. A memo in Ramey's hand in the press photographs, the "Ramey memo," has been read by some analysts as referring to "victims of the wreck"; other analysts dispute the reading or consider the text illegible.

An Army Signal Corps installation since 1917, home to the Signal Corps' radar research and training complex (including the nearby Evans Signal Laboratory at Camp Evans, Belmar, where the U.S. Army's 1946 Project Diana experiment first bounced radar signals off the Moon). On September 10, 1951, a student radar operator here tracked an unidentified fast-moving target, a case that reached General Charles P. Cabell's office and helped trigger the Air Force's reorganization of Project Grudge, which became Project Blue Book in 1952.

A Jersey Shore borough over which a U.S. Air Force T-33 jet trainer, piloted by Lt. Wilbert S. Rogers with Maj. Edward Ballard Jr. observing, sighted a disc-shaped object on September 10, 1951, roughly twenty-five minutes after a radar contact was tracked at Fort Monmouth. The object reportedly descended toward Sandy Hook, turned, and departed out over the Atlantic; ATIC's investigators thought a balloon released from nearby Evans Signal Laboratory a "strong possibility."

The Strategic Air Command base in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, about 80 miles from the Indian Head area. Betty and Barney Hill reported their September 1961 sighting to it by telephone, and the base's report went to Project Blue Book, which carried the case as "insufficient data" and the object as "in all probability Jupiter." Proponents cite an unidentified Pease radar return that night; no such record has been tied to the Hills' location. (An earlier version of this card said Barney was an Air Force veteran, that he was told under hypnosis "they had been watched" by a base, and that radar was not checked; none of this could be sourced.)

Twin RAF stations in Suffolk operated by the USAF's 81st Tactical Fighter Wing (A-10s) during the Cold War; Bentwaters is widely reported to have stored nuclear weapons. On December 26 and 28, 1980, security patrols and Deputy Base Commander Lt. Col. Charles Halt investigated unexplained lights in the adjacent Rendlesham Forest. Later accounts describe a landed triangular craft, but contemporaneous records describe lights, background radiation readings and small depressions. Also the site of radar sightings in the 1956 Lakenheath–Bentwaters case.

A large joint UK–U.S. signals-intelligence station operated on behalf of the NSA, located roughly 8 miles north-east of Ilkley Moor. Commentators on the December 1987 Ilkley Moor Incident have noted the base's proximity as general context for lights reported in the area, though no documented flight, radar, or signals record from Menwith Hill has ever been tied to that specific sighting.

An Air Defense Command ground-radar station (call sign "Utah") near Dallas that a USAF RB-47H crew contacted on July 17, 1957 about an unidentified light and signal pacing their aircraft. The crew and their wing intelligence report say the station confirmed a target; the station's own CIRVIS message recorded "negative contact with object." The same installation's AN/CPS-6B radar, operated by the 745th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron, had independently confirmed a separate unidentified target near Carswell Air Force Base three years earlier, on February 4, 1954.

An Air Force fighter training base west of Phoenix. It was not involved in the March 13, 1997 flare drop, which was made by Maryland Air National Guard A-10s flying from Davis-Monthan AFB in Tucson. Luke's spokesperson said its radar operators saw nothing unusual that night, and that a high-altitude formation outside its restricted airspace would not have been considered unusual. Flares dropped by Luke F-16s caused similar-looking lights over the Valley in February 2007.

A military training range of about 1.7 million acres in southwestern Arizona. On March 13, 1997, A-10s of the Maryland Air National Guard dropped LUU-2B/B illumination flares over its North Tac range, about 30 miles southwest of Phoenix, at about 10:00 PM, which is the identification given for the second, stationary Phoenix Lights event. The flares fell behind the Sierra Estrella as seen from Phoenix.

A joint U.S.–Australian intelligence facility officially described as a satellite ground control station but widely understood to be one of the most important CIA and NSA signals intelligence installations outside the United States. Manages geosynchronous surveillance satellites. Referenced in the context of the North West Cape UAP incidents and broader Pacific theatre UAP tracking capabilities.

Home of the 341st Strategic Missile Wing and its Minuteman ICBM launch facilities, scattered across the Montana plains. On March 16, 1967, all ten missiles at Echo Flight dropped into "No-Go" status within seconds of each other; the Air Force never found the cause, and the wing's history says rumors of UFOs around Echo Flight "were disproven." Former launch officer Robert Salas later described a second shutdown at Oscar Flight "on or about" March 24 while guards reported a glowing object at the gate, an account disputed by Echo Flight's own crew and undocumented in released Air Force records. Under its earlier name, Great Falls Air Force Base, two F-94 jet interceptors based here became the centerpiece of the Air Force's contested explanation for Nick Mariana's August 1950 UFO film, shot a few miles away over Legion Park.

The Belgian Air Force's primary fighter base from which two F-16s were scrambled on the night of March 30–31, 1990, to intercept the triangular objects being tracked by ground radar. The fighters made nine interception attempts; the Air Force report records three brief radar lock-ons (the press summary, six) on targets whose computed speed and altitude changed abruptly, and the pilots never saw anything. The Air Force said publicly it could not identify the phenomena; the radar contacts have also been attributed to atmospheric artifacts.

The Belgian Air Force's air defense Control and Reporting Center at Glons and the radar post at Semmerzake, about 100 NM apart. On the night of March 30–31, 1990, Glons reported a slow contact (about 25 knots) near Beauvechain and Semmerzake then reported a contact at the same position, which led to the F-16 scramble; both largely lost the contact during the interceptions, and the Maastricht center saw nothing. Before that night the Air Force radars had confirmed none of the visual sightings.

An Iranian Air Force base (then Shahrokhi AFB) near Hamadan, roughly 250 km west-south-west of Tehran, from which an F-4 Phantom was scrambled at 1:30 AM on September 19, 1976 to intercept a bright light over Tehran. According to the U.S. attaché's teletype, that first F-4 lost instruments and communications at about 25 NM and turned back. A second F-4 launched ten minutes later. Its pilot reported that his weapons control panel went dead as he tried to fire an AIM-9; he did not fire. That second aircraft landed at Mehrabad. American technicians at the base later gave conflicting accounts of the first jet's maintenance record.

Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense and home to programs at the center of the modern UAP disclosure narrative. The Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) ran from 2007 to 2012; Luis Elizondo says he led it, which the Pentagon has disputed. The All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) is also based here. Whistleblower David Grusch alleged illegal UAP legacy programs operating with DoD funding were being withheld from Congressional oversight. In November 2024, a DoD spokesperson issued the Department's on-record denial of whistleblower Matthew Brown's "Immaculate Constellation" allegations from this building.

Major U.S. Air Force installation straddling Belleville, O'Fallon, Mascoutah, and Shiloh, Illinois, since 1917; headquarters of Air Mobility Command and U.S. Transportation Command by 2000. Every town involved in the January 5, 2000 St. Clair County Triangle Sightings sits within a few miles of the base, which said it had nothing in the air; its control tower was closed at that hour, and its statements about radar coverage were inconsistent.

A U.S. Navy air station on the California coast that anchors the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division and manages the Sea Range training area where the USS Nimitz Carrier Strike Group was operating during the November 2004 Tic Tac encounter. The Point Mugu Sea Range is where USS Princeton's SPY-1 radar first detected anomalous objects descending from 80,000 feet over several days.

A U.S. Air Force base in northeast Mississippi and home of the 14th Flying Training Wing. Referenced in the Ross Barnett Reservoir sighting case as a potential origin point for advanced triangular military aircraft — the nearest major Air Force installation, about 125 miles (straight line) northeast of the sighting location. The base primarily operates T-38 and T-6 training aircraft. It was not always a training base: from April 1955 to July 1969 it belonged to Strategic Air Command, with B-52 bombers and KC-135 tankers, from 1963 under the 454th Bombardment Wing. Before dawn on June 23, 1966, its radar approach control (RAPCON) painted a stationary target 25 nautical miles to the southeast, at a reported 40,000 feet, while a civilian in Columbus watched a green light for 51 minutes; Project Blue Book recorded the radar as "False Targets" and the visual sighting as "Insufficient data."

U.S. Navy jet training base about 11 miles northeast of Meridian, commissioned as Naval Auxiliary Air Station (NAAS) Meridian in 1961, with its operations area named McCain Field, and a full Naval Air Station by July 1968. In 1967 its squadrons VT-7 and VT-9 flew the T-2A Buckeye trainer. On July 10, 1967, the station's golf professional reported a cymbal-shaped object over Old Poplar Springs Road; a Naval Investigative Service agent checked the station's radar and tower that evening (about 30 aircraft airborne, nothing unusual seen), and the case became Project Blue Book 11869, Unidentified.

Meridian's municipal airport, about 3.5 miles southwest of the city, named for Al and Fred Key, whose June 4 – July 1, 1935 endurance flight over Meridian kept the field open. It has been the home of the Mississippi Air National Guard since 1946, when the 153rd Fighter Squadron received federal recognition there with F-47D Thunderbolts; today it hosts the 186th Air Refueling Wing. On November 13, 1950, three of the squadron's mechanics watched from the ramp as Maj. B. D. Stephens chased a milky white object west toward Forest in an F-47, climbing to 21,000 feet without closing on it; Project Blue Book marked the case "Balloon." Seven months earlier, on April 12, 1950, the squadron had scrambled F-47s after a fast white light near the field. Not to be confused with the later Navy jet base, NAS Meridian, north of the city.

Oakdale Air Force Station, on the former Oakdale Army installation near Pittsburgh, home from 1960 of the Air Defense Command's 662nd Radar Squadron. According to the Project Blue Book file, on December 9, 1965 a "three man team" was sent from Oakdale to the Kecksburg (Acme) area "to investigate and pick up an object that started a fire"; the searchers found nothing and stopped at about 2 AM.

A historic U.S. Air Force base (later renamed Rickenbacker AFB) located near Columbus, Ohio. Some later retellings of the December 9, 1965 Kecksburg incident claim that a recovered object passed through Lockbourne on its way to Wright-Patterson AFB; no document or contemporary report supports this.

Home station of the 55th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing and the RB-47H Stratojet that departed here in the early hours of July 17, 1957, at the start of the ELINT training mission during which its crew and an independent ground radar tracked an unidentified target for over an hour across four states. The site now operates as Forbes Field / Topeka Regional Airport.

A USAF technical training installation in Biloxi, the Air Force's radar and electronics school from the late 1940s. On May 7, 1952, four Air Force men at a navigation-aid site twelve miles from its runway reported small, bright, trailed objects that Project Blue Book carried as Unknown; on April 4, 1965, a weather observer in its tower reported a dark oval with four white lights crossing below the clouds, which Blue Book carried as Unidentified. In August 1962 one of its SAGE weapons-controller instructors, Capt. Charles O. Williams, surveyed the site of a family's ten-minute sighting of a red light at Ocean Springs, about five miles to the east-northeast, another case Blue Book left Unidentified. Its radar school was proposed by skeptic Philip Klass as a source of the RB-47 crew's first ELINT contact near Gulfport in 1957; Brad Sparks argued the radar would have been idle, and Tim Printy found the facility operating at maximum training capacity in July 1957 without establishing after-midnight operations. On the morning of November 18, 1949, three guards at the Veterans Administration hospital next to the base watched a silent white cigar-shaped object cross the sky over Ship Island for about twenty-five minutes; the base weather station supplied the only weather data for the Air Force OSI inquiry, which closed without any evaluation. Before dawn on August 26, 1952, a staff sergeant from the base's Loran squadron, walking along U.S. Highway 90 in west Biloxi, watched a round white light hang over the Mississippi Sound for about forty seconds before it veered off upward and vanished; the Wing Intelligence Office reported it, and Blue Book carded it "Unknown." A Biloxi theater manager's reddish-orange light the same morning was marked "Possibly Balloon."

Former Air Force pilot-training base northeast of Greenville on the Mississippi Delta, about seven miles east of the Mississippi River; activated in 1940 and used for Army basic flight training until early 1945, home of the 3505th Pilot Training Wing in the 1950s (T-28s from 1953, T-33 jets from 1954), and now Mid Delta Regional Airport. On the night of August 27, 1953, a master sergeant in Greenville watched a star-like light flashing green and red sink toward the northwest, and the base's officer of the day and two airmen watched a similar light on the southwestern horizon from the control tower through 7x50 binoculars; Project Blue Book filed the case as Unidentified after rejecting the setting star Antares as too faint. Later Blue Book files from the city and base (1957, 1960) were labeled an aircraft and a meteor. Lake Ferguson, the oxbow lake on the city's west side, lies at azimuths of about 217°–237° from the old field.

An Air Force base on the Florida Panhandle where Air Training Command opened its Interceptor Aircrew School, training jet fighter pilots and radar observers for all-weather interception from January 1951. Its intelligence office, through Assistant Wing Intelligence Officer 2nd Lt. William J. Kormos, wrote up the May 7, 1952 sighting by four Air Force men near Keesler AFB, Mississippi, about two hundred miles to the west, which Project Blue Book carried as Unknown.

Home station of No. 23 Squadron RAF during the August 1956 Lakenheath-Bentwaters incident. Its commanding officer, Wing Commander A. N. Davis, was separately diverted from a Coltishall sortie that night to investigate the same unidentified radar returns, complicating later reconstructions of which Venom crews were actually involved.

USAF-tenanted RAF station whose CPS-5 radar, switched into full Moving Target Indicator mode on the night of August 13–14, 1956, tracked a stationary target that, by the Watch Supervisor's account, repeatedly moved off at 400–600 mph with "no slow start or build-up" — a case the Condon Report's radar analyst called "the most puzzling and unusual case in the radar-visual files," though Blue Book itself favored anomalous propagation and astronomical explanations.

RAF ground-controlled interception radar station on the Norfolk coast where Flight Lieutenant Freddie Wimbledon was the on-duty GCI controller the night of the Lakenheath-Bentwaters incident. His 1978 letter to the Sunday Times revealed it was his own Neatishead team, not USAF personnel physically at Lakenheath, that had actually vectored the intercepting Venom fighters to the target.

Home base of the No. 23 Squadron de Havilland Venom NF.3 night-fighter scrambled to intercept the Lakenheath radar contact on the night of August 13–14, 1956. According to the 1956 teletype, the pilot reported "locking on" and called it "the clearest target I have ever seen on radar" before the target was reported behind his aircraft. Crews traced in 2002 described a later, unremarkable sortie.

The small Army airfield serving the Fort Knox military reservation. Its control tower was the epicenter of the January 7, 1948 sighting that led Capt. Thomas Mantell to divert his flight of F-51 Mustangs in pursuit of an unidentified object, a chase that ended in his death near Franklin, Kentucky roughly 90 miles to the south.

Ohio air base that Edward Ruppelt's 1952 wind reconstruction treated as a possible Skyhook launch site for the balloon Capt. Mantell may have chased on January 7, 1948; no launch record was ever found, and balloon scientist Charles B. Moore has said Skyhooks were not launched there until 1951. That evening, from about 7:20 to 8:00 PM, the base's tower and alert crews reported a bright light low in the southwest that sank below the horizon, which Ruppelt says the Air Force attributed to Venus.

Air Force base near Macon, Georgia where crew chief Walter Massey independently observed a fire-trailing, cylindrical object roughly an hour before, and 150 miles from, the main Chiles-Whitted encounter on the night of July 24, 1948 — one of the case's few pieces of geographically independent corroboration.

Home of the 54th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron and the 740th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron, both newly activated in early 1953. On the night of August 5–6, 1953, the base's radar station confirmed a Ground Observer Corps report from nearby Black Hawk and sent two F-84 Thunderjets, flown by 2nd Lt. James Stockham and 1st Lt. David Needham, after a color-changing light — a case Edward Ruppelt later called the best UFO report in the Air Force's files, though Blue Book's August 1953 log lists it as stars/planets and anomalous radar propagation. Renamed in 1953 for Brig. Gen. Richard E. Ellsworth, killed in an RB-36 crash that March. From 1962 to 1994 the base also headquartered the 44th Strategic Missile Wing, which operated roughly 150 Minuteman ICBM launch facilities across western South Dakota, guarded by the 44th Missile Security Squadron — the unit at the centre of the claimed 1977 encounter by Mario Woods and Michael Johnson at Launch Facility November-05 near Newell.

A former WWII auxiliary airfield reactivated by Air Defense Command in July 1952 to defend the Soo Locks and the upper Great Lakes. On the night of November 23, 1953, an F-89C Scorpion on temporary duty here, crewed by Felix Moncla and Robert Wilson, was scrambled to intercept an unidentified radar target over Lake Superior and never returned. Renamed Kincheloe Air Force Base in 1959; today the site hosts Chippewa County International Airport.

Home station of the 433rd Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, the F-89C Scorpion unit to which Felix Moncla and Robert Wilson were permanently assigned. Both airmen were on temporary duty at Kinross AFB, Michigan when they disappeared on November 23, 1953. The same afternoon another 433rd F-89C crashed at Lake Wingra in Madison, killing Lt. John W. Schmidt and Capt. Glen E. Collins.

Site of the vital Soo Locks shipping channel and the 753rd Aircraft Control & Warning Squadron radar station ("NAPLES"), which had initial control of the F-89 scrambled from Kinross on November 23, 1953 before handing it to the Calumet station ("PILLOW"), which had detected the target.

An Italian Air Force base a few miles from Treviso-Sant'Angelo Airport, established in 1954. Its radar center detected the unidentified contact that led to Giancarlo Cecconi's June 18, 1979 intercept, gave him intercept directions, and then reported the object's sudden disappearance from its screens.

Home in 1979 to the Italian Air Force's 2° Stormo reconnaissance wing and the base Giancarlo Cecconi was returning to when he was diverted to intercept an unidentified object on June 18, 1979. Its control tower observed the object through binoculars, reported a bluish trail, and confirmed within seconds of Istrana Air Base's radar losing the contact that it too had lost sight of the object. Today operates as the dual civil/military Treviso Airport ("Antonio Canova").

A Brazilian Air Force base on Rio de Janeiro's western outskirts, home to F-5E Tiger II squadrons of the 1º/1º Grupo de Aviação de Caça. On the night of May 19, 1986, two F-5Es — flown by 1st Lt. Kleber Caldas Marinho and Capt. Márcio Brisolla Jordão — scrambled from here to intercept unidentified radar-visual targets during the "Official Night of UFOs."

A Brazilian Air Force base in Goiás state, home to Dassault Mirage III (FAB designation F-103E) interceptor squadrons. On the night of May 19, 1986, three Mirage IIIs — flown by Captains Armindo Sousa Viriato de Freitas (22:48), Rodolfo da Silva Souza (23:17) and Júlio Cézar Rozenberg (23:36) — took off from here after the base's approach radar reported unidentified echoes. None of the three reported a visual sighting.

Brazil's planned federal capital, home to CINDACTA I's regional air-defense radar headquarters and the Ministry of Aeronautics building where Minister Octávio Júlio Moreira Lima held the May 23, 1986 press conference confirming the prior week's radar-visual intercepts and telling reporters the Air Force had "no explanation" for what its own pilots had encountered.

The Integrated Center for Air Defense and Air Traffic Control (Centro Integrado de Defesa Aérea e Controle de Tráfego Aéreo), the Brazilian Air Force's regional radar and air-defense command hub covering southeastern Brazil. On the night of May 19, 1986, CINDACTA radar was among the stations that logged unidentified targets (21 in the commonly cited total), and the Air Defense Operations Center scrambled fighters from Santa Cruz and Anápolis air bases. Some contacts seen on the Anápolis approach radar did not appear on CINDACTA's screens.

Home of Ala 14, a Spanish Air Force fighter wing that flew the Dassault Mirage F1 through the late 20th century. At roughly 00:40 on November 12, 1979, Capt. Fernando Cámara launched from Los Llanos on an alert-interception mission, pursuing unidentified lights near Valencia for ninety minutes during the Manises UFO Emergency Landing case — a scramble documented in the Ejército del Aire file declassified in the mid-1990s.

A Peruvian Air Force (FAP) fighter base (Mariano Melgar) in the desert roughly 55 km southwest of Arequipa (computed), later home to the Soviet-supplied Sukhoi Su-22s of Grupo Aéreo N° 4. On the morning of April 11, 1980, by the pilot's account, roughly 1,800 personnel in formation here watched a stationary object hover near the airfield, and his commander ordered Lt. Óscar Santa María Huertas to shoot it down — a scramble in which, he says, a burst of 64 rounds of 30mm cannon fire produced no visible damage, the La Joya Air Base Incident. A declassified June 1980 U.S. attaché cable describes a similar intercept "in the vicinity of Mariano Melgar Air Base, La Joya," but dates it to 9–10 May 1980.

A civil and military airfield on Finland’s southwestern coast in Satakunta, used in the 1960s for Finnish Air Force training with the Fouga CM.170 Magister jet trainer. Around midday on April 12, 1969, during a dive-attack exercise here, pilot Tarmo Tukeva was called off his dive to look at seven yellowish, round objects over the field, which pulled away north; pilot Jouko Kuronen and some 20–25 others also saw them. Yle describes it as the only UFO case whose authenticity the Finnish Air Force has acknowledged.

An airfield on Finland’s Gulf of Bothnia coast, just under 200 km north of Pori. Finnish accounts of the Seven Balloons of Pori incident of April 12, 1969 say the objects were also noted at Vaasa (by flight control, according to Yle’s 1982 programme) within the same minute, or “within minutes,” of leaving Pori. No record of the Vaasa observation has been published, and it was never shown to involve the same objects.

A NORAD Pinetree Line radar station opened in 1952, 14 miles north of Sudbury, Ontario. On November 11, 1975, the station's search and height-finder radar recorded an unidentified target 25 to 30 nautical miles south at altitudes between 26,000 and 72,000 feet while commanding officer Robert Oliver and other personnel watched through binoculars — the only Canadian entry in a CINCNORAD message naming a wave of "suspicious object" sightings at five NORAD/SAC installations that October and November. Downsized and closed in 1986.

Headquarters of NORAD's 22nd Region and its Combat Operations Center, which coordinated Canadian air-defense radar coverage across roughly two and a half million square miles of northern airspace. During the November 1975 CFS Falconbridge incident, the Region's own Air Traffic Control Log Book recorded the sighting reports, radar readings, and the decision to request an American interceptor scramble — the same log later declassified for researcher Palmiro Campagna in 1995.

Home of the Michigan Air National Guard's 171st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, 191st Fighter-Interceptor Group, which flew the F-106 Delta Dart from 1972 to 1978. On November 11, 1975, two of the squadron's F-106s were scrambled from here under NORAD direction to investigate the radar target being tracked at CFS Falconbridge, Ontario; the crews searched between 8,000 and 30,000 feet and found nothing.

A major U.S. Army Air Forces, and by 1952 U.S. Air Force, installation on the western shore of San Pablo Bay in Marin County, north of San Francisco, used routinely for cross-country aircraft ferrying and personnel transport between West Coast and interior bases. On July 24, 1952, Lt. Cols. John L. McGinn and John R. Barton departed Hamilton Field in a requisitioned twin-engine B-25 bomber bound for Colorado Springs, a flight that would take them over the Carson Sink roughly two hours later.

Headquarters of the Air Defense Command from the command's establishment in January 1951 until its later relocation. The destination of Lt. Cols. John L. McGinn and John R. Barton's B-25 ferry flight on July 24, 1952; on landing here, the two colonels personally telephoned Air Defense Command headquarters and confirmed, through official traffic records, that no civilian or military aircraft had been operating anywhere near the Carson Sink at the time of their sighting.

A major U.S. Air Force installation and rocket-launch range in Florida's Panhandle, whose Gulf Test Range was used during the late 1960s and early 1970s for Air Force-sponsored upper-atmosphere research releasing rocket-launched barium and sodium vapor clouds. On the evening of January 6, 1969, according to former Georgia Tech professor Carl Justus, citing the 1970 U.S. report to COSPAR, rocket AG7.626 released a barium cloud from Eglin at approximately 7:35 PM EST at roughly 152 km altitude (another launch listing gives a barium launch at 6:41 PM and a TMA launch at 7:35 PM) — a release Justus identified as the likely source of the light Jimmy Carter and fellow Lions Club members watched from Leary, Georgia, roughly 234 km to the west-southwest, that same evening.

Home of Ala 46, one of the largest and most important air bases of the Spanish Air and Space Force, on Gran Canaria's southeast coast. Military activity at the base was most intense in the mid-1970s, during Spain's withdrawal from the Western Sahara. The corvette Atrevida's radar detected nothing during the June 22, 1976 Gando Air Base / Canary Islands UFO sighting; base personnel also observed the phenomenon's November 19, 1976 recurrence.

Base Aérea N.º 2, home from 1953 to Esquadra 20, the Portuguese Air Force's first jet-equipped squadron. On September 4, 1957, four Esquadra 20 pilots led by squadron commander Captain José Lemos Ferreira departed from here on the night navigation exercise documented in The Ota Air Base Encounter. Not to be confused with a separate November 2, 1982 sighting near the Serra de Montejunto by pilots flying from Ota.

Home garrison, established September 1, 1974, of the Czechoslovak People's Army's 51st Helicopter Regiment, which flew Mil Mi-24D Hind gunships from 1978. By 1987 the regiment kept a forward Austrian-border standby crew at the smaller airfield of Božice, east of Znojmo; it was from Božice, not Prostějov itself, that Captain Čestmír Tesařík's Mi-24D crew launched on July 12, 1987 for the intercept documented in The Vranov nad Dyjí Helicopter Incident. The unit received its honorary title, "Vrtulníkový pluk Dr. Edvarda Beneše," only in 1990 — after the encounter.

The U.S. Air Force's primary West Coast ICBM test-launch and satellite facility, from which Atlas, Titan, and later Minuteman reentry-vehicle test flights were fired down the Western Test Range toward the Kwajalein Atoll impact zone throughout the 1960s. In fall 1964 a routine Atlas reentry-vehicle test launched from Vandenberg became the subject of the Vandenberg AFB Missile Disabling Incident, after 1369th Photographic Squadron officer Robert Jacobs claimed a tracking telescope stationed near Big Sur captured a disc-shaped object disabling the test's dummy warhead — an account base engineer Kingston George has disputed for decades as a misread of ordinary decoy and chaff countermeasures.

A U.S. Army Nike anti-aircraft missile battery near Jacksonville, about three miles east of the Loch Raven Reservoir (NICAP's Dan Wilson places the 1958 sighting at Loch Raven Dam 3.5 miles southwest of it), operated from 1954 as part of the Washington-Baltimore Defense Area. According to the Maryland Department of the Environment it was a Nike-Ajax site from 1954 to 1958 and was modified for nuclear-capable Nike-Hercules missiles in 1958, the same year of the Loch Raven Dam UFO Incident — a coincidence of timing and proximity this site's case file treats as a genuine, if unproven, contextual factor rather than a resolved explanation.

A French Air Force base straddling Évreux and the adjacent commune of Fauville. On the evening of April 23, 1978, an on-duty officer here watched a fading red light hang at low elevation for sixteen minutes while, for the last seven minutes, the base's radar logged a very weak echo on the same bearing — the encounter investigated by GEPAN (GEIPAN's predecessor) as the Fauville-Évreux Radar Sighting.

Site of a French Air Force air-defense detection and control center near Tours, whose data were relayed through the CODA command center at Taverny. Home since 1965 of the detection and control centre now designated CDC 07.927. GEIPAN records that this "other radar" did not confirm the weak radar contact logged during the 1978 Fauville-Évreux Radar Sighting; sixteen years later, in 1994, the same station did log an independent unidentified track during the Air France Flight 3532 / Capt. Duboc sighting, though its position disagreed with the aircrew's own account.

A French Navy (Marine Nationale) air base on the Crozon peninsula, founded in 1920 as a seaplane station, named Base d'Aéronautique Navale de Lanvéoc-Poulmic in 1937, and home since the Second World War to the French Naval Academy (École Navale), whose permanent buildings were inaugurated in 1965. Around 2020 its flottilles included 33F (NH90 Caïman Marine) and 34F (Lynx, then retiring), with 32F in abeyance since 2016, and it had about 1,200 personnel. Asked by GEIPAN in 2022 about the January 13, 2020 Crozon sighting, about 9 km from the base, it replied that no aircraft, helicopter or drone based there had been flying and no special activity was under way; its pilots suggested the Goulien wind-farm lights, which GEIPAN ruled out. See Crozon Peninsula Red Rectangles.

A French military airfield first used in 1916, when the American volunteer squadron that became the "Escadrille La Fayette" formed there. A nuclear-strike base until June 2011, it has since hosted Escadron de Chasse 1/2 "Cigognes," flying Mirage 2000-5F interceptors, and in March 2025 was named to host two Rafale squadrons carrying the ASN4G nuclear missile (expected 2032 and 2036). It lies about six kilometers east of Villers-lès-Luxeuil. In investigating the November 26, 2019 sighting in this site's Villers-lès-Luxeuil Triangle case file, GEIPAN found on military radar a Robin DR400 passing over the village at about 17:17 on its descent to land here, and a four-ship Mirage 2000-5F exercise that took off at 17:20. It rated the DR400 the better fit but could not reconcile it with the witnesses' large, dark triangle.

A former NATO dispersal airfield, designated Base Aérienne 184, spanning parts of the communes of Malbouhans and La Neuvelle-lès-Lure. Created as a grass airfield in 1936 and given a concrete NATO-standard runway in the 1950s as a secondary NATO base, it served during the Cold War as a dispersal field for aircraft — first F-100s, later Mirage IIIs — based at BA116 Luxeuil-Saint-Sauveur, roughly 16 km to the northwest, until it was withdrawn from aeronautical use in 1998. It lies beside the fields where three hunting wardens watched silent flashing lights on May 30, 1989; the air base they telephoned the next day is not named in the published file (BA116, with its control tower and Mirage 2000Ns, fits better than a dispersal field), as documented in this site's Neuvelle-lès-Lure Gamekeepers' Sighting case file.

For close to half a century, the underground seat of French national air-defense command: CODA (1957), CAFDA (1961), and later CDAOA all operated from a complex carved into old gypsum quarries beneath the town, until the command itself relocated away in 2007 and the base was formally dissolved in 2011 (reactivated in 2024). On January 4, 2010, a man walking his dog in the town watched a dark, silent triangular object with three dim lights cross the sky — the case investigated in this site's Taverny Triangle file, whose own drone hypothesis invokes the separate civilian radar coverage of Paris–Charles de Gaulle Airport, roughly 24 km away, rather than this base's own (by-then-relocated) military network.

One of the Royal Navy's oldest dockyards, guarding the mouth of the Thames Estuary and the naval approach to the Medway anchorage and London itself. On the evening of October 14, 1912, multiple witnesses here and in nearby Queenborough, including a serving naval lieutenant, reported an aircraft engine and a light passing overhead, prompting flares at the nearby Eastchurch aerodrome — the incident investigated in this site's Sheerness Phantom Airship Incident file, formally acknowledged six weeks later by First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill in the House of Commons.

A Royal Australian Air Force fighter base immediately north of Newcastle, home since the 1960s to Mirage III (and later F/A-18 and F-35) squadrons and to No. 3 Control and Reporting Unit, which coordinates fighter response to unidentified air contacts across eastern Australia. In June 1983, 3CRU launched the classified "Operation Close Encounter" from this base after repeated unidentified returns on Sydney's Mascot route surveillance radar, which No. 3 CRU's tests attributed to radar interference.

Britain's principal government aircraft-research and flight-test airfield, tracing its lineage to the Army Balloon Factory of 1904–06 and renamed the Royal Aircraft Establishment in 1918. On August 14, 1950, RAE pilot Wing Commander Stan Hubbard (then a Flight Lieutenant) reported a pearl-grey disc performing high-speed S-turns over the airfield, and on September 5 he and five other officers on the watch-tower saw a similar disc at long range over Guildford–Farnham — two of the incidents weighed by the Flying Saucer Working Party.

A wartime Ground Controlled Interception (GCI) radar station operational from 1941 to 1976, built opposite the earlier Chain Home station at RAF Pevensey. On June 1, 1950, the duty controller and three operators at Wartling saw an unusual response apparently moving at 1,300–1,650 knots, at first linked to a Meteor pilot's sighting near Portsmouth. A Fighter Command inquiry found the two reports ten minutes apart, and the Flying Saucer Working Party attributed the response to direct reception of another radar transmitter, possibly ship-borne, and the pilot's object probably to a balloon.

A U.S. Army post established in 1919 on the Pacific side of the Panama Canal, home through the Cold War to the 764th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion and its 764th Anti-Aircraft Operations Center (AAOC), and later to the Southern Command Network and 193rd Infantry Brigade. On the night of 9–10 March 1958, AAOC duty officers here first received the radar report that opened the Panama Canal Zone Radar Sighting, summoning Capt. Harold E. Stahlman from quarters to direct the tracking effort. Transferred to the Republic of Panama in 1999 under the Torrijos–Carter Treaties; the site is now Ciudad del Saber ("City of Knowledge").

The outermost of the four Causeway Islands (with Naos, Perico, and Culebra) built from Culebra Cut excavation spoil beginning in 1913 to guard the Pacific entrance to the Panama Canal, and part of the coastal-defense reservation of Fort Amador. Battery D of the 764th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion operated a radar site here that, on the night of 9–10 March 1958, achieved a sustained Track Radar lock on two unidentified objects circling in the vicinity of Fort Kobbe — the central radar contact of the Panama Canal Zone Radar Sighting, including the searchlight-illuminated climb from roughly 2,000 to 10,000 feet in five to ten seconds.

A U.S. Army coastal fortification established in 1912 on the Causeway Islands at the Pacific entrance to the Panama Canal, designated jointly with Fort Grant as a single military reservation in 1911 and named for Manuel Amador Guerrero, Panama's first president. Its garrison, the 764th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion, supplied the officers and the Flamenco Island radar battery central to the March 1958 Panama Canal Zone Radar Sighting. Turned over to the Republic of Panama in 1999; the Causeway is now a major Panama City tourist district.

An Army post on the Pacific side of the Panama Canal, established as the Bruja Point Military Reservation in 1928, renamed Fort Bruja in 1929, and renamed again for Major General William A. Kobbe in 1932; its airfield became Howard Air Force Base. The unidentified radar objects tracked from Flamenco Island during the March 1958 Panama Canal Zone Radar Sighting were logged holding a "steady, slight circular path" directly over Fort Kobbe's vicinity for several hours.

Built in 1939 on the grounds of Fort Kobbe as the primary U.S. airfield guarding the Pacific entrance to the Panama Canal, hosting fighter and bomber squadrons from World War II through the Cold War. Its Field Operations desk and T-33 interceptors were directly involved in the March 1958 Panama Canal Zone Radar Sighting — Major Davis personally scrambled from here to investigate the Taboga Island radar contact, and T-33 tail number 5289 launched from the base to attempt an intercept. The base closed November 1, 1999 under the Torrijos-Carter Treaties' handover of the Canal Zone to Panama, and the site now operates as Panamá Pacífico International Airport.

A volcanic island roughly 12 miles offshore in the Gulf of Panama, known locally as the "Island of Flowers," where the U.S. military installed aircraft-warning radar as early as 1944. Its search radar independently tracked a separate erratic, triangular-patterned contact on 10 March 1958 — reaching a calculated speed of roughly 1,000 mph before evading two approaching USAF jets — one of three independent radar events documented in the Panama Canal Zone Radar Sighting.

A former Iraqi Air Force base roughly midway between Ramadi and Fallujah, adjacent to Lake Habbaniyah, that became a major U.S./coalition hub ("TQ") after 2003 and home to Task Force Al Taqaddum during the anti-ISIS Anbar campaign. On October 23, 2017, an infrared sensor aboard the base's force-protection aerostat recorded about 17 minutes of the object later publicized as the "Jellyfish UAP" — assessed by AARO in 2025, with high confidence, as a cluster of balloons drifting on the wind. Subject of this site's "Jellyfish" UAP Over Al Taqaddum Air Base case file.

South Korea's presidential residence and executive compound, where on October 14, 1976, air defense units opened anti-aircraft fire in two bursts (reportedly from 20mm Vulcan cannons) on a formation of about a dozen unidentified lights approaching from the west, killing one civilian and wounding 31 or 32 others with falling ordnance — the subject of this site's The Blue House Seoul UFO Incident case file.

A Royal Netherlands Air Force base that also hosted a USAF fighter squadron (in the section the Americans called Camp New Amsterdam), where in the early morning of February 3, 1979, twelve Dutch military security guards reported a low, silent object with three white lights and a red light passing over the base twice; the military called it a mirage of car headlights — the subject of this site's The Soesterberg Air Base UFO Sighting case file.

Neighboring commune to Quarouble on the same Douai–Blanc-Misseron rail line. Marius Dewilde reported his September 10, 1954 encounter to police here shortly after midnight, setting in motion the commissioner's visit and an air-police inspection the next afternoon; marks on the rail sleepers were noted in the following days.

Strategic Air Command installation about 35 miles (57 km) south-southwest of the Val Johnson encounter site, across the North Dakota border. Johnson initially suspected the light he saw might be a distressed aircraft out of Grand Forks; the U.S. Air Force and FAA later confirmed no aircraft were scheduled or reported flying in the area that night, ruling out the simplest version of the theory. Grand Forks was also one of ten bases addressed by a SAC security police message headed "Defense Against Helicopter Assault," sent in late October 1975 after the first Loring AFB intrusions, which ordered Security Option 3 during the hours of darkness — but no primary document places a sighting at Grand Forks itself during that wave, and the CINCNORAD message of 11 November 1975 that lists the sites of sightings does not name it.

A Soviet military rocket-launch site originally built in the late 1950s as an ICBM base and repurposed into one of the busiest orbital spaceports on Earth by launch volume, servicing reconnaissance, signals-intelligence, and early-warning satellites. Its existence was not publicly acknowledged by the USSR until 1983. At approximately 01:01 UTC on September 20, 1977, a Vostok-2M booster lifted off from Plesetsk carrying the Kosmos-955 satellite — a launch NASA analyst James Oberg independently confirmed occurred within minutes of the Petrozavodsk Phenomenon sighting roughly 350 km to the southwest, and which forms the basis of the case's leading conventional explanation.

A U.S. Army chemical and biological weapons proving ground in Utah's remote western desert, active since 1942 and the site of hundreds of open-air nerve-agent and biological-agent field tests between 1951 and 1969. On March 13, 1968, a malfunctioning aircraft spray nozzle released VX nerve agent that drifted into neighboring Skull Valley, killing more than 6,000 grazing sheep; the Army denied responsibility for three decades, until Salt Lake Tribune reporting surfaced its own 1970 internal report in 1998. This confirmed, decades-long concealment of a real covert test's effect on grazing livestock is the closest documented precedent this site's Cattle Mutilation / Biological Sampling Hypothesis file identifies for the government-testing theories associated with the broader cattle-mutilation phenomenon.

The Atomic Energy Commission's primary continental nuclear weapons testing ground from 1951 onward, now the Nevada National Security Site. Fallout from its atmospheric tests was tracked partly through a real, federally documented milk-and-cattle exposure pathway — 1962 studies measured iodine-131 in milk from dozens of Utah dairy farms specifically to calculate the human thyroid exposure that grazing cattle had already absorbed — and from 1970 to 1986 the Department of Energy's own Nevada Applied Ecology Group ran a published research program studying radionuclide transfer from contaminated soil directly into the tissue of grazing cattle at test sites here. This site's Cattle Mutilation / Biological Sampling Hypothesis file treats this program as the clearest confirmed precedent for cattle used as a government radiation-monitoring proxy.

A USDA animal-disease research facility established in 1954 off the northeastern tip of Long Island, publicly tasked with studying foreign livestock diseases like foot-and-mouth disease. Declassified document fragments independently confirm the island's Building 257 also hosted U.S. military-supervised research into biological agents with dual defensive and offensive potential during the Cold War — a real, confirmed instance of a federal animal-disease facility's classified scope of work exceeding its public mission, cited in this site's Cattle Mutilation / Biological Sampling Hypothesis file as adjacent precedent for the broader government-secrecy pattern surrounding livestock-related research.

The U.S. Army's principal biodefense research installation, home from 1954 to 1973 to Operation Whitecoat, a program that deliberately infected more than 2,300 volunteer soldiers with live Q fever, plague, tularemia, and other pathogens under an oath of silence not lifted until the program's declassification in 1994 — forty years after it began. Cited in this site's Cattle Mutilation / Biological Sampling Hypothesis file as a confirmed example of how long the mid-twentieth-century U.S. government could keep a live-biological testing program classified once it decided to.

The U.S. Army's weapons research and manufacturing facility, site of the first confirmed sighting in the November 2024 drone wave, when a contractor reported a light rising from the tree line — the subject of this site's New Jersey / Northeast Drone Wave file.

The site of a French Foreign Legion camp "at Bouahmama in the Sud Constantinois," in eastern Algeria, where a legionnaire on solitary sentry duty reported a large luminous object in March 1958, during the Algerian War — the subject of this site's Bouamama Algerian War UFO Sighting file. The coordinates are those of the commune of Bouhmama in Khenchela Province (Aurès), the closest matching place-name; the identification is unconfirmed and the camp's exact position is unknown.

A high-altitude Himalayan region along India's disputed Line of Actual Control with China, where Indian troops logged 329 sightings of unidentified luminous objects between 2012 and 2013 — the subject of this site's Ladakh / Demchok UFO Sightings file.

A high-altitude lake straddling the India-China border, near which an Indo-Tibetan Border Police unit at Thakung first reported yellowish luminous objects in August 2012 — the subject of this site's Ladakh / Demchok UFO Sightings file.

The Soviet Union's principal anti-ballistic missile testing range on the shore of Lake Balkhash, and site of the classified Terra-3 laser complex, where a CIA source reported a bright green expanding light in late summer 1973 — the subject of this site's The Sary Shagan CIA Report file.

Coastal waters adjacent to the world's largest concentration of U.S. naval power, including Naval Station Norfolk and NAS Oceana, where U.S. Navy assets reported roughly 100 airborne UAP and two likely uncrewed surface systems, per AARO's Fiscal Year 2025 report (event date undisclosed) — the subject of this site's Virginia Coast Navy UAP/USV Swarm file.

A Belgian Air Force base believed to store U.S. tactical nuclear weapons, repeatedly overflown by unidentified drones over multiple nights in late 2025 in a pattern Belgian officials described as a coordinated surveillance operation — the subject of this site's 2025 European NATO Drone Incursion Wave file.

The historic 18th-century military academy complex in Paris's 7th arrondissement that houses the Institut des Hautes Études de Défense Nationale (IHEDN), France's state defense-studies institute for senior military, civilian, and industry officials. Most members of COMETA (Comité d'Études Approfondies) — the private committee that produced the 1999 COMETA report on UAP and national defense — were former IHEDN auditors, including chairman General Denis Letty and preface author General Bernard Norlain, IHEDN's former director.

A joint civil-military airport near Knoxville that hosted Detachment 5 of the 661st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron (activated April 1950 under Capt. Jack A. Rockwell and redesignated the 663rd on November 27, 1950), the Air Force radar unit tasked with policing the restricted airspace over the nearby Oak Ridge atomic reservation. During the October–December 1950 Oak Ridge wave its radar reported unidentified targets on about ten dates, three of them coinciding with visual sightings, and F-82 interceptors were repeatedly scrambled; Air Force intelligence attributed most of the targets to "radar angels" produced by temperature inversions.

Established July 9, 1945 as White Sands Proving Ground (renamed White Sands Missile Range on May 1, 1958), this roughly 3,200-square-mile Army range in the Tularosa Basin was built to test captured German V-2 rockets under Wernher von Braun's team and later expanded into a full multi-service guided-missile proving ground. On July 14, 1951, two radar operators at a guided-missile tracking station here, plus a binocular observer and a film photographer, reportedly made the radar-visual-photographic sighting described by Donald Keyhoe in 1953 and documented in this site's White Sands case file; the Air Force says the case is not in its files.

Established in 1942 as Alamogordo Army Air Field and renamed Holloman Air Force Base on January 13, 1948 after Col. George V. Holloman, a pioneer of guided-missile research. Adjoining White Sands Missile Range, Holloman hosted the Air Force's guided-missile squadrons, its Land-Air, Inc. optical-tracking contractor, the prime U.S. Skyhook balloon launch site, and, from about November 1950, the Askania camera stations of Project Twinkle, the Air Force Cambridge Research Center's 1950–51 Green Fireballs observation program (project scientist Louis Elterman; Lincoln La Paz declined to run it). Holloman had set up its own observation post on February 21, 1950. The base's Report EHO-41, dated July 25, 1951, which Edward Ruppelt mentioned in an internal status report, may contain references to the July 1951 White Sands radar-visual-photographic sighting (Project 1947); only portions of it survive in other Blue Book files.

The airspace and international airport in Tehran, Iran, where air traffic controllers tracked an anomalous glowing object on September 19, 1976. Scrambled F-4 Phantoms suffered instrument and communication failures when approaching the craft.

The nuclear-powered supercarrier that served as the flagship for the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group during the November 2004 encounters with the "Tic Tac" UAP off the coast of Southern California.

The Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruiser equipped with the SPY-1B passive radar system that tracked multiple "Tic Tac" targets descending from 80,000 feet to sea level over a multi-day period in November 2004.

San Diego-based Independence-class littoral combat ship whose crew, operating in a Pacific warning area on the night of July 15, 2019, recorded infrared and radar sensor data of an unidentified spherical object that appeared to descend into the ocean without recovered wreckage.

A major USAF installation, part of Joint Base Langley-Eustis and home to Air Combat Command and the 1st Fighter Wing's F-22s. For 17 nights from December 6, 2023, unidentified drones repeatedly entered its restricted airspace; the base, the Pentagon and NORAD commanders confirmed the incursions, but the operators were never publicly identified. Former USAF intelligence specialist Dylan Borland told a House task force in 2025 that he saw a silent ~100-foot triangle here in summer 2012, and where NACA aerodynamicist Paul R. Hill watched maneuvering lights on July 16, 1952, two days after the nearby Nash-Fortenberry sighting (Ruppelt later judged B-26 bombers an unlikely explanation).

A Cold War-era ROTOR-programme radar station on the Northumberland coast, functioning by the 1970s as both a Sector Operations Centre and Control and Reporting Centre within the UK's air defence network. In the early hours of July 30, 1977, duty controller Flight Lieutenant A.M. Wood and two NCOs watched two bright lights over the North Sea for one hour and forty minutes. Wood then reported two unidentified radar contacts 20–30 miles out to sea; the RAF Patrington controller confirmed them, but headquarters did not. Venus and Jupiter were rising together over the sea that morning, and David Clarke, who first published the report, suspected planets. The station was also home to 202 Squadron's search-and-rescue Whirlwind helicopters, the size reference Wood used.

A former Ground Controlled Interception radar station on England's east coast, opened in 1942 and later serving as a Sector Operations Centre before its technical role wound down through the 1950s–70s. On the night of July 30, 1977, the controller at Patrington confirmed that two unidentified contacts reported by RAF Boulmer, 20–30 miles out over the North Sea, were visible on his radar picture (David Clarke, Fortean Times 197). The contacts were well away from the lights the Boulmer witnesses had watched. On May 21, 1977, Patrington's duty controller had also tracked a “zig-zag” contact during the RAF Waddington sighting. Seven years earlier, on September 8, 1970, Patrington's GCI controllers had vectored Captain William Schaffner's Lightning onto a routine TACEVAL exercise contact — an RAF Shackleton, not an unidentified object — in the incident that later became the "Foxtrot 94" UFO legend.

Recognised as the world's oldest continuously operating radar site, tracing its lineage to the Chain Home network of the late 1930s. According to the Northumberland Gazette (January 2005), radar staff at Staxton Wold also picked up the objects reported from RAF Boulmer on July 30, 1977; David Clarke's account of the file mentions only RAF Patrington. On September 8, 1970, Staxton Wold's radar had also tracked the low-flying RAF Shackleton at the center of the Captain William Schaffner "Foxtrot 94" incident, later mistaken in tabloid retellings for an unidentified craft.

Home from 1965 to 1988 of No. 5 and No. 11 Squadrons RAF, the last two RAF units to fly the English Electric Lightning, and a Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) station tasked with keeping armed interceptors on permanent standby against unidentified aircraft approaching UK airspace. On the night of September 8, 1970, USAF exchange pilot Captain William Schaffner scrambled from Binbrook in Lightning XS894 to intercept a NATO Tactical Evaluation exercise contact over the North Sea and was killed when his aircraft crashed; the declassified 1972 Board of Inquiry identified the contact as an RAF Shackleton, not the unidentified craft later claimed by 1990s tabloid reporting.

Home of the Linesman system's Air Defence Data Centre, the master facility that integrated surveillance data from every UK air defence radar head in the mid-1970s. During the July 30, 1977 RAF Boulmer report, the RAF Patrington radar picture showing two unidentified contacts was relayed here (David Clarke, Fortean Times 197); the Northumberland Gazette says checks were made with West Drayton “to see if it had spotted them,” without giving a result.

A trials airfield opened in the late 1930s about five miles southeast of Stranraer, later home to the Bombing Trials Unit, whose Ministry of Supply mobile tracking radars covered the Luce Bay range. On April 4, 1957, radars at Balscalloch and Ardwell tracked unidentified echoes for 36 minutes or more. The station commander, Wing Commander W. P. Whitworth, reported the incident, and the Air Ministry’s DDI(Tech) concluded they were “five reflecting objects of unidentified type and origin.” According to Martin Shough, the airfield itself had no fixed radar.

Site near Corsewall Point, at the northwest tip of the Rhins of Galloway, of a Ministry of Supply mobile tracking-radar van of the Bombing Trials Unit. Around noon on April 4, 1957, while waiting for a delayed trials aircraft, operators Jim McVey and John Kolosky kept their set on and locked on to a strong, apparently stationary echo whose height read 50,000 rising to 70,000 feet. A second, stand-by set at the site tracked the same target. This was the start of the West Freugh case.

Coastal village on the western shore of Luce Bay, site of a second Ministry of Supply mobile tracking radar serving the West Freugh range (given as 14 to 20 miles from Balscalloch in different sources). On April 4, 1957, operators Charles Hollands and Stanley Farley locked on to the target first held at Balscalloch, and their set later tracked four echoes in line astern.

A large bay in Wigtownshire that has served as an RAF and Ministry of Defence bombing and weapons-trials range since the 1930s. On April 4, 1957, a delayed trials run over the bay by an aircraft of the Royal Aircraft Establishment left the Bombing Trials Unit’s tracking radars switched on around noon, setting up the West Freugh radar case.

Essex-class anti-submarine warfare support carrier that, per its official Navy service history, took part in fleet exercises off Puerto Rico in late March 1963. Published accounts retold by naturalist Ivan Sanderson name Wasp as command ship of the 1963 exercise in which an unconfirmed high-speed sonar contact was reported; the accounts give no month.

Air Force Reserve installation about ten miles north of Youngstown, sharing its airfield with Youngstown-Warren Regional Airport; home to the 910th Airlift Wing and, in 1994, its C-130s. During the December 14, 1994 Trumbull County UFO Chase, the airport's FAA tower reported nothing on radar within 60 miles, a Howland officer and a base security guard watched a light they could not identify, and the base's public information officer later told investigator Kenny Young the story was "completely bogus."

Air Defense Command installation in Marin County, California, assigned to ADC on January 1, 1951 and closed in 1974. On September 24, 1959, Seattle Air Route Traffic Control Center relayed the Redmond, Oregon FAA station's visual UFO report to Hamilton; the Seattle log notes that the Klamath Falls radar site also had a target and that F-102s were scrambled from Portland.

Real Cold War-era joint Royal Canadian Navy/U.S. Navy underwater Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) submarine-detection installation near Shelburne, roughly 40 kilometres from Shag Harbour. Central to an unconfirmed secondary claim, popularised by researcher Chris Styles from anonymous and secondhand sources, that the Shag Harbour object was tracked underwater to this area in the days after the October 1967 incident. No official record of such tracking has been published.

Brazilian Army sergeants' training school roughly 30 km from Varginha, which held an internal sindicância in 1996 (secondary accounts name Colonel René Jairo Fagundes as its head) and whose commander ordered Military Police Inquiry No. 18/1997, opened in March 1997 to examine the capture claims made in the book Incidente em Varginha.

Home of the 91st Strategic Missile Wing's 150 dispersed Minuteman I ICBM launch facilities and the 5th Bombardment Wing's B-52H Stratofortress bombers. In the early morning hours of October 24, 1968, missile-field security and maintenance airmen at Oscar and November Flights reported a large, self-luminous object, and Minot RAPCON vectored an airborne B-52H, call sign JAG-31, toward it — producing a tracked radar return, two correlated UHF radio blackouts, and a close-range visual pass, followed by a security-alarm break-in at the remote Oscar-7 launch facility. One of the most thoroughly documented cases in the Project Blue Book archive.

The nation's first operational Atlas ICBM base (1960) and, from 1963 onward, home of the 90th Strategic Missile Wing's Minuteman I force, ultimately 200 silos dispersed across 8,300 square miles of Wyoming, Nebraska and Colorado. Between 1:30 and 4:40 a.m. on August 1, 1965, weeks after the wing's Quebec Flight went operational, the command post and base commander telephoned Project Blue Book with reports of lights from several missile sites, up to nine at once; the wing later counted 148 objects reported by 143 personnel over three nights (the Warren AFB Nuclear Silo Intrusion). No radar track is documented, and Jupiter was rising in the east-northeast during the reports. Further incidents were reported in 1973–74 and 1976, and a separate missile communications outage occurred in 2010.

A U.S. Army ammunition storage installation about 90 miles east of F.E. Warren Air Force Base, active from 1942 until its 1967 deactivation. On August 1, 1965, the depot's commanding officer reported five objects at 1:45 a.m. and five going east at 3:35 a.m., reports relayed to Project Blue Book during the same night as Warren's missile-field sightings (Warren AFB Nuclear Silo Intrusion).

A Strategic Air Command bomber base two to three miles northwest of Oscoda, Michigan, headquarters of the 40th Air Division from 1959 and home to the 379th Bombardment Wing's B-52s and KC-135s from 1961 until the base's 1993 closure. On the night of October 30, 1975, security personnel reported the lights of a low-flying craft near the perimeter, and back-gate guards reported an unlit “helicopter” hovering over the weapons storage area. RAPCON tracked low-flying returns to the southeast, and a KC-135 returning from a refuelling mission was sent to identify it. NORAD’s log records the tanker’s visual sighting and radar skin paint, and contact lost 25 nautical miles out over Lake Huron. In a 1979 memo, instructor navigator Myron Taylor estimated that the object sped away at about 1,000 knots. The incident was named eleven days later in a CINCNORAD message connecting it to a wider wave at Loring Air Force Base and other northern-tier SAC installations. The site today is the civilian Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport and home to the Wurtsmith Air Museum.

A Strategic Air Command bomber base activated in 1953, home to the 42nd Bomb Wing's B-52 Stratofortresses and KC-135 Stratotankers, with a large nuclear weapons storage area (the former Caribou Air Force Station) on its northern side. Built in the far northeastern corner of the continental United States for its Cold War proximity to Europe, the base sits roughly 12 miles from the Canadian border. From October 27, 1975, an unidentified low-flying aircraft that the Air Force described as a helicopter repeatedly flew near the weapons storage area on several nights, once within 300 yards; tower radar followed unknown targets, the base went to a Security Option 3 alert, and an Army National Guard helicopter search never found it. These were the first reports in the autumn 1975 northern-tier base wave that reached CFS Falconbridge in November. Closed in 1994 under Base Realignment and Closure.

The Atomic Energy Commission's plutonium production complex in the Columbia Basin of south-central Washington State, built by the Manhattan Engineer District beginning in 1943 and the source of the plutonium used in the Trinity test and the Nagasaki bomb. Restricted airspace over the plant's reactor and separations areas was the subject of radar and visual UAP reports spanning 1944–45 through at least 1952, including the May 21, 1949 telescope sighting and F-82 scramble covered in this site's own dedicated case file. The site's B Reactor is preserved today as a National Historic Landmark within the Manhattan Project National Historical Park.

Known as Moses Lake Air Force Base until its 1950 renaming, this Air Defense Command installation reopened on August 26, 1948 with the express mission — assigned to the 325th Fighter-Interceptor Group's F-82 Twin Mustangs — of protecting the nearby Hanford Site and Grand Coulee Dam. An F-82 from this base was scrambled on May 21, 1949 after a disc was reported through a telescope over Hanford's 200 East Area; it was vectored toward an unidentified radar target that faded, and found nothing. Closed in 1966, the runways today form Grant County International Airport.

The stretch of the Rhine Valley and Alsace-Lorraine region north of Strasbourg where, in late November 1944, a 415th Night Fighter Squadron Beaufighter crew reported the founding "foo fighter" sighting of the WWII Foo Fighters case. The nearby towns of Breisach and Hagenau (Haguenau) were the sites of further documented December 1944 incidents as Allied forces advanced toward the German frontier following Operation Dragoon.

The USAAF 415th Night Fighter Squadron's operational base near Dijon during the winter of 1944–45, and the location Associated Press correspondent Robert C. Wilson visited in late December 1944 to investigate the growing internal "foo fighter" reports, resulting in the wire story that broke the phenomenon to the American public on January 1–2, 1945.

Target area of XXI Bomber Command B-29 night raids in 1945 during which crews reported "balls of fire" following their bombers: on April 3–4 one basketball-sized light trailed a B-29 for six minutes out over the ocean, and a May 1945 RAF summary of a U.S. report describes B-29s over Tachikawa and Kawasaki unable to shake pursuing "red balls of fire." Part of the broader WWII Foo Fighters case.

The Chilean Air Force's Escuela de Aviación Capitán Manuel Ávalos Prado, an active FACh installation roughly 15 km south of downtown Santiago and home to the state ENAER "Pillán" aircraft plant. On November 5, 2010, during a FACh change-of-command ceremony here, a spot crossing the flypast was later noticed on video by an engineer at the nearby aircraft plant; CEFAA assembled seven spectators' videos, and Ricardo Bermúdez presented the case at a UFO congress in Phoenix in late February 2012 (some 2012 press reports date the ceremony November 4). CEFAA left it unidentified; critics proposed an insect close to the camera.

An RAF training station and technical site near Albrighton, Shropshire — today also home to the Royal Air Force Museum Midlands. At about 1:10–1:15 a.m. local time on March 31, 1993, a security patrol on the station (RAF Police in Nick Pope's account, MoD Police in David Clarke's) reported two white lights with a faint red glow passing over "at great velocity" at about 1,000 feet, and phoned RAF Shawbury; the timing matches the re-entry of the Cosmos 2238 rocket booster. The sighting lent its name to the wider "Cosford Incident," even though the six-hour wave it belonged to stretched from Somerset to South Wales.

A Royal Air Force station about twenty miles northwest of RAF Cosford, historically home to RAF helicopter aircrew training and a resident Meteorological Office observing post. At approximately 2:40 a.m. on March 31, 1993, duty meteorological observer Wayne Elliott reported a large object approaching the station at low altitude and low speed, sweeping a narrow beam of light across the ground beyond the perimeter fence; by 2005 he accepted that it had been a Dyfed-Powys Police helicopter with a NiteSun searchlight. It remains the most detailed and widely cited account from the Cosford Incident.

Home to the Ejército del Aire's Ala 23 de Instrucción de Caza y Ataque (originally the Escuela de Reactores, established 1953), Talavera la Real Air Base sits roughly 15 km east of Badajoz near Spain's border with Portugal. In the early hours of November 12, 1976, soldiers José Manuel Trejo and Juan Carrizosa Luján reported a piercing interference-like whistle and then, with a third soldier, a three-meter luminous humanoid figure near the base's fuel-storage perimeter; Carrizosa and the third man fired forty to fifty rounds before it vanished, and no casings or bullet marks were found. The Spanish Air Force's own file on the incident, declassified in 1996 and published online in 2016 via the Ministry of Defense's Biblioteca Virtual de Defensa, remains one of the shortest and least conclusive of Spain's military UFO releases.

A wartime-built airfield on Lake Melville in central Labrador, jointly used by the RCAF and USAF and one of the North Atlantic refueling stops for propeller airliners in the 1950s. On June 29, 1954 (0105 GMT June 30), Goose Bay approach control took First Officer Lee Boyd's in-progress radio report of the BOAC Stratocruiser "Centaurus" Sighting, and vectored an F-94 fighter already on patrol toward the airliner; according to the fighter pilot's later recollection, neither the F-94's radar nor the Goose Bay "Pinetree" ground radar picked up anything but the airliner. Centaurus landed here at 0145 GMT, where a USAF intelligence officer questioned the crew.

The Soviet Union's first and, for a decade, only ballistic-missile proving ground, established May 13, 1946 in the Astrakhan semi-desert roughly 100 km east of Volgograd. Kapustin Yar launched the USSR's first ballistic missile in October 1947, hosted five atmospheric nuclear tests (1957–1961), and became a functioning cosmodrome in 1962 — described by researchers Don Berliner and Antonio Huneeus as "somewhat equivalent to the White Sands Proving Grounds in New Mexico." On the night of July 28–29, 1989, seven servicemen at two military units 30–45 km northeast of the town reported a hovering, dome-topped disc in the Kapustin Yar UAP Sighting, a case that remained a sealed KGB file until its 1991 declassification.

A town in Astrakhan Oblast, twinned with the Vladimirovka air base, and home since the Soviet era to the 929th State Flight Test Centre named for V.P. Chkalov — Russia's primary military aviation test establishment, broadly comparable to Edwards Air Force Base. In the Kapustin Yar UAP Sighting, witness Ensign Valery Voloshin reported the object departing in the direction of Akhtubinsk at 01:30 on July 29, 1989, after a jet fighter had been called in and failed to close on it — making the base a plausible, though unconfirmed, point of origin for that intercept.

Commissioned on August 31, 1948 as the primary shore base for the Royal Australian Navy's Fleet Air Arm, HMAS Albatross — the naval air station adjoining the town of Nowra on the NSW South Coast, still an active RAN base today — is where the ground-controlled-interception radar that recorded paints near Lieutenant James O'Farrell's aircraft during his visual sighting was operated, on the exact sixth anniversary of the base's own commissioning, in the Hawker Sea Fury Sighting of August 31, 1954. O'Farrell had departed and was returning to Nowra on a night cross-country exercise when the incident occurred in the airspace near Goulburn and Marulan, roughly 75–80 km to the northwest.

A vast military airfield and flight-test range on the edge of Rogers Dry Lake in the Mojave Desert, originally established in 1933 as Muroc Army Air Field and renamed in December 1949 for test pilot Captain Glen W. Edwards. The U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School relocated here in February 1951, and NACA's High-Speed Flight Research Station (later NASA's Flight Research Center) moved to the lakebed's northwest corner in June 1954 — making Edwards, by the mid-1950s, one of the most closely watched pieces of restricted airspace on Earth. It is the setting for the Edwards AFB Canberra Photograph case, a 1954 Martin Aircraft Company publicity photo of a B-57B bomber that also captured an unexplained discoid shape in frame, as well as astronaut Gordon Cooper's separate May 3, 1957 dry-lakebed "saucer landing" story (the cameramen themselves described a disc flying away, not landing) and the entirely uncorroborated 1954 Gerald Light "Muroc" legend of an alleged Eisenhower–extraterrestrial meeting.

A restricted Cold War rocket and guided-weapons test range established in 1947 as the Anglo-Australian Joint Project, administered first by the Long Range Weapons Establishment and later the Weapons Research Establishment, roughly 450 km north of Adelaide in South Australia's remote outback. Woomera's township and instrumented range recorded a cluster of unexplained radar and visual reports between 1952 and 1955, the best-documented of which — an invisible, radar-tracked October 1952 target and, most significantly, a radar target timed at roughly 3,600 mph on May 5, 1954, and a dark grey, circular object a contractor's observer saw over a Canberra bomber's flight path that afternoon — are the subject of this site's Woomera Rocket Range Sighting case. Defence physicist Harry Turner reviewed these reports in his secret 1954 "Scientific Appreciation" of the RAAF's UFO files.

A port city on Isla del Carmen off the Gulf of Mexico coast of Campeche state, near which a Mexican Air Force Merlin C-26A of the 501st Air Squadron was flying its March 5, 2004 anti-narcotics radar patrol, the subject of this site's Campeche Military FLIR Incident case file. Some 50–100 km offshore lies the Bay of Campeche's Cantarell Field, at the time the world's second-largest producing oil field, whose platform complexes, including Akal-C, continuously burned off associated gas through elevated flare stacks — the leading, and best independently corroborated, conventional explanation for the eleven infrared "objects" the aircraft's FLIR turret recorded that afternoon.

An iron stores steamer built in 1873 by William Cramp & Sons as the commercial liner SS Illinois, purchased by the Navy in 1898 and recommissioned USS Supply for service in the Spanish–American War. Reassigned to the Asiatic Station in 1902, she served as the principal supply vessel for the Asiatic Fleet, running provisions between the Philippines, Japan, China, and Guam. In early 1904 she carried the gravely ill Governor William E. Sewell and Lt. Frank H. Schofield toward San Francisco, the voyage during which the USS Supply Aerial Phenomenon was sighted. Decommissioned in 1919, she was sold for scrap in 1921 and broken up in 1928.

A U.S. territory since 1898, administered in the early 1900s by a serving Navy officer as Naval Governor and used as a coaling and supply station for the Asiatic Fleet, including USS Supply. Governor William E. Sewell and, briefly in January 1904, Lt. Frank H. Schofield both held the governorship immediately before the events of the USS Supply Aerial Phenomenon.

A U.S. Air Force base occupying much of the village of Yigo in northern Guam, renamed October 7, 1949 for Brig. Gen. James Roy Andersen, killed in a 1945 B-24 crash. Home to Strategic Air Command's 3rd Air Division (activated June 1954) and, from August 1956, the F-86D Sabre-equipped 41st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron. Three UFO reports from 1952–1959 are linked to the base — a dawn sighting by a B-17 crew and airmen on the ramp on December 19, 1952, which Blue Book closed as "Probably Astronomical" (a meteor); 1st Lt. Ted Brunson's 1956 F-86D pursuit of a light that out-turned him, which Blue Book left unidentified; and a November 1959 report attributed to a base heritage history — covered in this site's Andersen Air Force Base UFO Sightings case file. Separately, from October 1965 to June 1966 the base's FAA radar controllers logged 24 unidentified IFF beacon returns, which Project Blue Book closed as “Other (FALSE TARGETS)” (see Andersen AFB 1965–66 Radar Wave).

A large Ministry of Defence installation in the Vale of Glamorgan, historically home to RAF aircraft maintenance and technical training units and, in June 2008, the base from which the South Wales Police Air Support Unit operated. Shortly after midnight on June 8, 2008, the force's helicopter crew reported a saucer-shaped object closing on their aircraft while it held at 500 feet awaiting clearance to land at the base — the opening moment of the St Athan police helicopter sighting.

The 553-square-mile strip of U.S.-administered territory bisecting the Republic of Panama and surrounding the Panama Canal from 1903 to 1979, home to a dense concentration of Cold War-era U.S. Army and Air Force installations under Caribbean Air Command and United States Army Caribbean (USARCARIB). Over 9–11 March 1958, radar operators at Flamenco Island and Taboga Island, coordinated from Fort Clayton, tracked a series of unidentified, erratically maneuvering radar contacts documented in the Panama Canal Zone Radar Sighting — not the Zone's only Cold War-era radar case; a separate, two-object contact tracked for five and a half hours by Canal Zone anti-aircraft radar on November 25, 1952, was reported in the Washington Post and preserved in Project Blue Book's own files.

A contested stretch of open ocean between Hainan Island, the Paracel Islands, and the Vietnamese coast, crossed by the commercial airway linking Hong Kong and Singapore. On November 24, 2021, an anonymous flight-deck video — filed with MUFON as Case #119564 — captured 9–12 bright lights fading in sequential rows above the clouds; no GPS coordinates were embedded in the footage, so this position is inferred from the flight's known routing and radio traffic, not independently confirmed.

Iraq's second-largest city, held by ISIS from June 2014 until its recapture in July 2017. On April 16, 2016, a U.S. reconnaissance aircraft's sensor (an MC-12, according to Jeremy Corbell and George Knapp) recorded about four seconds of footage over the city showing a bright, apparently metallic sphere. A still was leaked in 2023, and the Air Force released the video in a FOIA lawsuit in 2025; the object is known as the "Mosul Orb". Official coordinates for the sensor frame were redacted; an unofficial Metabunk community geolocation places it in the city's northern districts, near 36.328° N, 43.184° E, unconfirmed by any government source.

A city on the Euphrates in eastern Syria, and the governorate that hosts several of the U.S. military's remaining outposts in the country (including the Al-Omar oil field and Conoco gas plant garrisons) supporting the anti-ISIS mission and periodically targeted by Iranian-backed militia drone and rocket attacks. On July 12, 2022 — during Eid al-Adha (Bellingcat: the holiday's last day that year) — the sensor of a U.S. MQ-9 Reaper drone recorded a small, silvery spherical object in the desert northeast of the city, later declassified by AARO as the "Middle East Object" and geolocated here by Bellingcat researchers using matched satellite ground features.

A small Arkansas Delta farming community known as "The Duck and Rice Capital of the World," over whose airspace Chicago & Southern Air Lines Capt. Jack Adams and First Officer G.W. Anderson Jr. sighted a disc-shaped, porthole-lit object on the night of March 20, 1950, while flying their DC-3 from Memphis toward Little Rock.

Arkansas's capital and the destination of the Chicago & Southern Air Lines DC-3 flight during which Capt. Jack Adams and First Officer G.W. Anderson Jr. sighted a disc-shaped object on March 20, 1950, roughly 40 miles east of the city, north of Stuttgart.

A Chicago & Southern Air Lines hub city and the departure point of the March 20, 1950 DC-3 flight during which Capt. Jack Adams and First Officer G.W. Anderson Jr. sighted a disc-shaped object over Arkansas en route to Little Rock.

A roadside lake on the Klondike Highway roughly 68 km north of Whitehorse where, on the evening of December 11, 1996, several motorists reported a massive, silent, multi-light object moving over the frozen lake — part of a sighting corridor that ran north through Carmacks and Pelly Crossing (later reports were also attributed to Mayo) and drew 31 total witnesses. The stimulus has since been identified as the reentry of the Cosmos 2335 rocket booster.

A Selkirk First Nation community roughly two hours' drive north of Fox Lake where, on the same December 11, 1996 evening, several residents — including the case's only publicly named witness, Don Trudeau — independently reported the same huge, silent, light-covered object continuing north along the sighting corridor.

A long Atlantic-facing beach on Rio de Janeiro's western edge, backed by the granite monolith of Pedra da Gávea and, in 1952, still a sparsely developed stretch of coastline decades before its modern planned district existed. On May 7, 1952, O Cruzeiro photographer Ed Keffel and reporter João Martins produced five photographs here of a disc-shaped object, published as a sensational "Extra" supplement that launched modern Brazilian ufology — the Barra da Tijuca Sighting, later definitively debunked as a staged double-exposure hoax.

The capital of Ceará state in Brazil's Northeast, served in 1982 by Pinto Martins Airport. In the pre-dawn hours of February 8, 1982, VASP Flight 169 — a Boeing 727 captained by Gerson Maciel de Britto — departed Fortaleza bound for Rio de Janeiro and was reportedly paced for roughly ninety minutes by an intensely bright, color-shifting light, the Ceará Boeing 727 Sighting, one of the most-witnessed civil-aviation UFO cases in Brazilian history.

An Andean lake resort city on Lago Nahuel Huapi in Argentine Patagonia, served by the Air Force-administered Teniente Luis Candelaria Airport. On the night of July 31, 1995, Aerolíneas Argentinas Flight 674, a Boeing 727 commanded by Jorge Polanco, reported a bright light pacing it for some fifteen to seventeen minutes as the airport and city lost power below, and abandoned its first landing attempt — the Aerolíneas Argentinas Flight AR674 / Bariloche Incident. A nearby Gendarmería Nacional aircrew also saw the light; the case is mentioned in France's 1999 COMETA report, which was among the files the Pentagon released in 2026, and Argentine officials attribute it to a ground projector aimed at the clouds.

A small municipality west of São Paulo city (about 45 km in a straight line), on the Tietê River and part of the historic gold-mining district first worked by bandeirante Affonso Sardinha in 1590. On the night of March 4, 1946 — Carnival Monday — farmer João Prestes Filho was burned, by his relatives' later accounts, by a yellowish light or "ball of fire" at his home here and died of his burns within hours, in what became, a quarter-century later, one of Brazilian ufology's most cited fatal encounter cases — the Araçariguama Sighting.

A heather moor roughly 400 metres above sea level, part of the larger Rombalds Moor separating the Wharfedale and Airedale valleys, and home to Bronze Age rock art including the Swastika Stone and the Twelve Apostles stone circle. On the morning of December 1, 1987, a former police officer known publicly only by the pseudonym Philip Spencer reported photographing a small humanoid figure here while crossing the moor toward East Morton, along with a reversed compass and nearly two hours of missing time — the Ilkley Moor Incident, one of British ufology's most reproduced alleged alien photographs.

A 29.5-billion-gallon North Jersey District Water Supply Commission reservoir in the Ramapo Mountains where, on January 11, 1966, Mayor Harry T. Wolfe, councilmen, the civil defense director and police officers were among hundreds who watched a silent, color-shifting light over the ice — the start of a year of sightings that returned in October 1966. The reservoir lies a few miles from the Ramapo Fault, the basis of a later "earthquake lights" explanation for the case.

Mexico's capital and one of the world's largest metropolitan areas, where on July 11, 1991 huge numbers of residents watched a rare total solar eclipse and about seventeen videographers across the city and neighboring states captured footage of a metallic-looking object near the eclipsed sun, which skeptical analysts identify as Venus. The broadcast that followed triggered what Jaime Maussan described as 40,000 calls and helped launch the modern Mexican civilian ufology movement, including the grassroots "Los Vigilantes del Cielo" sky-watching network.

Historic mining city and capital of the Mexican state of Zacatecas, seated on the southern edge of the country's high central plateau. Atop Cerro de la Bufa, the hill overlooking the city's colonial center, astronomer José Bonilla directed the state's Observatorio Meteorológico-Astronómico from a building opened in December 1882, equipped with a telescope that arrived from France in time for that year's transit of Venus. Eight months later, on August 12–13, 1883, Bonilla used the same instrument to count 447 objects crossing the Sun's disk, photographing some of them — a still-disputed case sometimes cited as the first photographs of an unidentified aerial phenomenon. The 1882 telescope is still in educational use at the University of Zacatecas, and an official observatory bears Bonilla's name.

A small Washtenaw County farm town where, on the evening of March 20, 1966, farmer/truck driver Frank Mannor and his son Ronald reported a glowing object, "sort of shaped like a pyramid," over a swamp near their rented farmhouse. Dexter police, including Chief Robert Taylor, and Washtenaw County deputies joined the search (reportedly twelve officers in all); Sheriff Douglas Harvey later took Hynek to the farm. This made it the anchor location of the Michigan “Swamp Gas” UFO Wave.

A private liberal-arts college whose Slayton Arboretum, beside the McIntyre women's residence hall, was the site of a mass sighting lasting several hours on the night of March 21–22, 1966. Students (17 to 87, by different counts), Civil Defense Director William “Bud” Van Horn, and two city police officers watched glowing lights over the arboretum — the second of the two mass sightings that produced the Michigan “Swamp Gas” UFO Wave and Dr. J. Allen Hynek's derided explanation.

Rural farm roads outside Levelland, Texas, where on the night of November 2–3, 1957 the town police took roughly fifteen calls about a glowing, egg-shaped object; seven drivers reported their engines and headlights dying as it approached and working again once it had gone, and the county sheriff saw a red light streak across the road. The Air Force's ball-lightning explanation remains one of the most contested "solved" cases in UFO history.

A dense residential locality of south-east Kolkata straddling the Eastern Metropolitan (E.M.) Bypass, from whose high-rise flats a resident filmed a bright, multi-coloured, apparently shape-shifting object about 30° up in the eastern sky over roughly three hours in the pre-dawn hours of October 29, 2007, when brilliant Venus stood at about that position (JPL Horizons). The broadcast footage drew crowds to the E.M. Bypass itself and prompted rapid comment from two credentialed Kolkata scientists.

A small seaside town on the Sea of Marmara within Istanbul's western Büyükçekmece–Silivri corridor, long popular for summer holiday compounds. Beginning June 20, 2007, night watchman Yalçın Yalman filmed dozens of videos of luminous objects over the water from the nearby Yeni Kent Compound across the following three years, at the center of the Yeni Kent Compound Sighting.

A gated, seasonal holiday housing development (Yeni Kent Sitesi) on the Sea of Marmara shoreline near Kumburgaz, Istanbul. Overnight security watchman Yalçın Yalman filmed more than two dozen videos of crescent- and disc-shaped luminous objects from his shoreline watch post here between June 2007 and 2009, the entire evidentiary basis of the Yeni Kent Compound Sighting.

A small, heart-shaped volcanic maar lake in Costa Rica's remote northern lowlands, between the Arenal and Tenorio volcanoes, held sacred by the local Maleku indigenous people. On September 4, 1971, an automatically-triggered aerial survey camera aboard an Instituto Geográfico Nacional mapping flight — conducted for the state utility ICE ahead of the hydroelectric project that would later flood the adjacent basin to form the enlarged Lake Arenal reservoir — captured a single frame showing a metallic disc over the water, the central evidence of the Lake Cote UFO Photograph case.

An isolated stretch of the Eyre Highway roughly 40 km west of the Mundrabilla Roadhouse, on the treeless limestone Nullarbor Plain between the townsites of Madura and Eucla near the Western Australia–South Australia border. The nearest towns of any size are hundreds of kilometres away, and the flat, treeless, low-light horizon has long made the highway corridor a magnet for reports of unexplained lights, including Queensland's better-known "Min Min Light" phenomenon further east. Faye Knowles and her three sons reported their close encounter here in the pre-dawn hours of January 20, 1988; a second, unrelated light was reported by a bus driver on the same stretch of highway on October 17, 1988. The area is also the findspot of the Mundrabilla meteorite, one of the largest meteorites ever recovered in Australia, discovered in 1911.

A small community in the Black Hills foothills northwest of Rapid City; Ruppelt put it about ten miles west of Ellsworth Air Force Base. On the evening of August 5, 1953, Ground Observer Corps volunteer Phyllis Killian, manning a post of the Rapid City Filter Center here, reported a bright red light that moved, stopped and returned, and several neighbors gave signed statements describing a color-changing light. Her report set off the two F-84 patrols of the Ellsworth AFB case.

Small agricultural community on the high shortgrass prairie of Butte County, on the far northwestern edge of the Ellsworth Air Force Base Minuteman missile field and roughly fifty miles north-northwest of the base itself. Newell was ringed by November flight of the 68th Missile Squadron, 44th Strategic Missile Wing: Missile Alert Facility November-01 sat 6.7 miles northwest of town, and launch facilities N-02 through N-11 were dispersed around it. Launch Facility November-05, 2.1 miles west of Newell, is the site named by Mario Woods and Michael Johnson as the location of their claimed November 1977 encounter. Nearby November-02 holds a genuine Cold War distinction as the only operational American ICBM silo ever to launch a missile, in the “Long Life” test of March 1, 1965. The Belle Fourche irrigation project's reservoir and dam structures are the dominant water features of the surrounding area.

Mid-sized university city in central Missouri, home to the flagship campus of the University of Missouri and the seat of Boone County. On June 28, 1973, James and Vanea Richards watched an oval, silver-white object hover and reposition near their rural mobile home roughly half a mile southeast of the city limits, leaving behind physical trace evidence that J. Allen Hynek personally traveled to examine alongside investigators Ted and Ginger Phillips. The site sits within the same 1973 Midwest UFO wave that produced the Piedmont, Missouri wave further southeast the same year.

Small town in western Madison County, north-northwest of Jackson. On the night of February 9, 1977, Deputy Kenneth Creel and Constable James Ray Luke reported a round, windowed object hovering over their patrol car on Smith School Road, about four miles west of town near the Yazoo County line; Highway Patrolman Louis Younger and other officers reported lights. The Center for UFO Studies investigated the report as case 2-3-48 and attributed the distant lights to Venus and Jupiter.

Town on the east side of Biloxi Bay, across the water from Biloxi and Keesler Air Force Base, near the site of the French Fort Maurepas of 1699. At 11:20 PM on July 29, 1962, a family of four in a house north of the town (30°27′ N, 88°51′ W in the Air Force report, the coordinates shown here) watched a bright cherry-red light move slowly over the trees to the east and make rapid "square wave" movements for about ten minutes. A Keesler officer measured the angles to the trees; Project Blue Book checked weather soundings for a mirage and carried the case as Unidentified.

Seat of Lee County in northeast Mississippi and headquarters of the National Park Service's Natchez Trace Parkway, whose main visitor center stands at milepost 266 near the city. On the night of October 3, 1973, Natchez Trace Parkway ranger Thomas E. Westmoreland told UPI that he, three other rangers and a deputy sheriff watched a large object with rotating red, green and yellow lights hover over the Tupelo area for about 15 minutes. Police in Tupelo reported multicolored lights on three consecutive nights, and the Daily Journal reported sightings across northeast Mississippi.

Unincorporated community on Mississippi Highway 39, about 12 miles north of Meridian and about 4.5 miles west-southwest of NAS Meridian. Project Blue Book filed case 11869 under Lizelia: on July 10, 1967, a retired Marine captain who was the air station's golf professional reported that his car lost power on Old Poplar Springs Road, "5 mi south of Lizelia ... between NAS Meridian and Meridian," as a cymbal-shaped object passed overhead. The coordinates shown are those of Lizelia itself; the sighting site lay several miles to the south, north of the city of Meridian. Some summaries wrongly place the case south of Meridian.

Mississippi's capital. Its municipal airport, Hawkins Field, on the northwest side of the city, was Jackson Army Air Base in the Second World War and an Air Force reserve training center (the 2588th) until it was returned to civil control on March 31, 1949; an Air Force weather detachment and a CAA control tower operated there. On January 1, 1949, about two miles east of the city, near the Pearl River and north of Highway 80 (the OSI gives 32°20' N, 90°10' W), passengers in a Stinson approaching a small airpark saw a dark, wingless object shaped like a sleeve target cross their path with nothing towing it: Project Grudge Incident 233. The coordinates shown are those of the city; the sighting took place in the air east of it. On the afternoon of November 13, 1950, two operators in the "Jackson Air Field" control tower watched an object and a vapor trail through binoculars for forty minutes, and the city's Weather Bureau and many residents reported a westbound "streak of light," during the Meridian F-47 chase; Blue Book carded that case "Balloon."

The triangular desert and mountain landmass bridging Africa and Asia between the Gulf of Suez and the Gulf of Aqaba, demilitarized under the 1979 Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty and monitored since 1981 by the Multinational Force and Observers (MFO), whose U.S. Army component (Task Force Sinai) mans a network of remote observation posts across the peninsula's Zone C. It was from one such post, Observation Post 3-1 in the peninsula's southeastern coastal corridor between Taba and Sharm el-Sheikh, that three 4th Squadron, 3rd Cavalry Regiment scouts reported a formation of maneuvering lights one night in December 2014, the subject of this site's Sinai Peninsula "Dogfight" UFO Sighting case file.

A small resort town on the Gulf of Aqaba marking the southern terminus of the Israel-Egypt border and home to one of Egypt's busiest border crossings. The MFO's Zone C observation-post network runs along the coastal corridor south from Taba toward Sharm el-Sheikh, the general area described by three 4th Squadron, 3rd Cavalry Regiment scouts as the location of Observation Post 3-1 in this site's Sinai Peninsula "Dogfight" UFO Sighting case file — the post's own exact coordinates have never been publicly disclosed.

A remote hill near Mecoya in Bolivia's Tarija Department, close to the Argentine border, called "Taire" in 1978 wire reports and "El Zaire" in later Bolivian and Argentine coverage. On the afternoon of May 6, 1978, residents of the border region reported a fiery object falling toward the hills and an explosion — the event at the center of this site's Tarija / El Zaire UFO Crash case file. Despite the panic and early press reports of a massive impact crater, a commission led by geologist Daniel Centeno, which reached the area twice on foot and searched it from the air, found no crater and no debris, only naturally occurring colluvial rock.

The capital of Bolivia's southernmost department, a wine- and vineyard-growing valley city in the eastern foothills of the Andes near the Argentine border. A commission convened in Tarija and led by geologist Daniel Centeno searched for the object in the May 1978 El Zaire UFO crash reports and found nothing, and a U.S. Air Force plane carrying two attaché officers from La Paz landed at Tarija during the episode.

A small desert town roughly 300 km (185 mi) southeast of Amman, sitting at about 865 meters elevation on the bone-dry, hard-packed Al-Jafr mudflat that has drawn attention for reasons entirely unrelated to UFOs — the surface was used by the ThrustSSC team's supersonic car testing program in 1996–97 and has featured in desert filming for major productions. On April 1, 2010, the town became the unwitting subject of the Jordanian newspaper Al-Ghad's front-page April Fools' hoax reporting an alien spacecraft landing on its outskirts, which prompted a real security search of the surrounding desert and brought the town's mayor within reach of ordering an evacuation of its roughly 13,000 residents — the subject of this site's The Jafr "Alien Invasion" Hoax case file.

A city in southern Sichuan's Liangshan region where, on the night of July 24, 1981, about 300 people watching an open-air film saw a luminous spiral, according to a Chinese retrospective, one of the few specific, named-location group accounts to survive from this site's 1981 Chinese Spiral Mass Sighting case file. The modern Xichang Satellite Launch Center, which today conducts many of China's major orbital launches, did not become operational until 1984, three years after the sighting.

The capital of Yamanashi Prefecture, a wine-growing basin ringed by mountains including Mt. Atago, where on the evening of February 23, 1975, second-graders Masato Kawano and Katsuhiro Yamahata reported a landed craft and a wrinkled, faceless humanoid in a vineyard behind the Hinode housing estate in the city's Kamimachi district — the subject of this site's The Kōfu Incident case file, counted by Japanese researchers among the country's "Big Three" UFO cases alongside the Kera and Nikoro incidents.

A heavily monitored stretch of open Gulf water within U.S. Central Command's area of responsibility, roughly equidistant from the Kuwaiti, Iranian, and Saudi coastlines. In 2013, an infrared sensor aboard an unidentified U.S. military platform recorded 1 minute 46 seconds of footage here showing a symmetrical, eight-pointed thermal signature — the subject of this site's "Chandelier" UAP case file. This position was given by Jeremy Corbell and George Knapp on their Weaponized release page in January 2024; the U.S. government's own 2026 declassified release redacts the file's telemetry and logs the incident location only as "Middle East."

A small, sparsely populated Greek island at the point where the Aegean opens onto the wider Mediterranean, off whose coast a Greek sponge-diving crew under Capt. Dimitrios Kontos discovered a Roman-era shipwreck in spring 1900. The subsequent 1900–01 excavation recovered statuary, coins, and a corroded lump of bronze later identified as the Antikythera Mechanism, the subject of this site's file on the device.

Greece's largest archaeological museum, where the recovered Antikythera shipwreck finds were catalogued from 1901 onward. Museum archaeologist Valerios Stais identified a gear wheel embedded in one bronze fragment here in 1902, and the museum has hosted every major imaging campaign on the Antikythera Mechanism since, including the Antikythera Mechanism Research Project's 2005 X-ray CT scan. All 82 surviving fragments remain on permanent public display here today.

A residential and light-industrial district in northeastern Cairo, home to St. Mary's Coptic Orthodox Church, where a luminous figure witnesses identified as the Virgin Mary was reported above the central dome intermittently from April 2, 1968 until 1971 — watched by crowds estimated at up to 250,000 on a single night, while police reportedly found no projection device within fifteen miles, the subject of this site's The Zeitoun Marian Apparitions case file.

A small rural hamlet in central Alberta's agricultural heartland, where farmer Edgar Schielke found a circular ground mark in his pasture on August 5, 1967, and three more were found over the next day or two. A Defence Research Establishment Suffield scientist who inspected them on August 11 could neither confirm nor rule out a hoax, the subject of this site's The Duhamel Alberta UFO Nests case file.

Bright objects reported at several points along the militarily sensitive Sino-Indian frontier between February and March 1968, tabulated in a CIA information report distributed April 11, 1968. Its Nepal entry describes a metallic object found in a crater near Pokhara; at Batulechaur village a metal sheet was found in farmer Kul Timilsina's field and was later tracked down and shipped to the United States by the U.S. Embassy in 1972 — coordinates anchored here to that fragment-recovery site, the subject of this site's The 1968 CIA Himalayan Border UFO Sightings case file.

A commuter-belt village on the outer edge of London where, on the night of October 27, 1974, the Day family drove into a glowing green mist along Hacton Lane and lost three hours of memory — a case that became, through Andrew Collins' 1978 investigation, one of Britain's earliest and most thoroughly documented hypnotic-regression abduction narratives, the subject of this site's The Aveley Abduction case file.

A high-rise residential district near the Brooklyn Bridge where, on November 30, 1989, Linda Cortile reported being floated from her twelfth-floor apartment window in a beam of light — a case that grew, through investigator Budd Hopkins' years-long involvement, into one of American ufology's most publicly disputed abduction narratives, the subject of this site's The Linda Cortile "Brooklyn Bridge" Abduction case file.

A former district of Bihar (divided in 1956 between West Bengal and Bihar, now Jharkhand) where, on September 15, 1954, about 800 people in three adjoining villages were reported to have seen a grey disc descend, hover, and climb away at speed — an account given to The Times of India by Kadori mica mine manager Ijapada Chatterjee and one of the few South Asian entries in the global 1954 UFO wave, the subject of this site's The Manbhum Flying Saucer Sighting case file.

A major eastern Chinese airport where, on July 7, 2010, two flight crews' report of an unidentified object on approach closed the airport for 56 minutes, diverting twelve inbound flights and delaying six outbound, while the airport radar never detected the object — the subject of this site's The Hangzhou Xiaoshan Airport UFO Incident case file.

The eastern Aegean island of Lesbos and the mainland region of Thessaly formed the epicenter of a two-month wave of luminous and cigar-shaped object reports across autumn 1954, reported in Greek newspapers, two of them via police telegrams, from communities including Vrisa, Anemotia, Agiasos, and Stipsi — the subject of this site's The Greek UFO Wave of 1954 case file, later partly linked to a real, declassified CIA propaganda-balloon campaign active in the same region.

A U.S. Air Force installation on Tokyo Bay, integrated into the Far East Air Forces' Cold War air-defense network alongside the Shiroi GCI station and Johnson Air Base, where control tower operators watched a brilliant light over the bay on the night of August 5–6, 1952, while Shiroi radar and a scrambled F-94 tracked an orbiting target that the F-94 crew never saw — the subject of this site's The Haneda Air Base Radar-Visual Sighting case file, later selected for detailed review by the CIA's Robertson Panel.

A small Metro-East Illinois town roughly 30 miles east of St. Louis, where a miniature-golf-course owner's roughly 4:00 a.m. report on January 5, 2000 set off the multi-jurisdiction chain of police sightings that became this site's St. Clair County Triangle Sightings case file, which went on to include officers in Lebanon, Shiloh, Millstadt and Dupo, and a detective in O'Fallon, before dawn.

A commune of about 2,650 (2023) in Lot-et-Garonne, on the boundary between the Quercy and the Agenais, directly across the Lot from the former steel town of Fumel. Its own small aerodrome was the site of the October 23, 2015 sighting at the center of this site's Montayral Aerodrome Object case file.

A small, uncontrolled general-aviation aerodrome (ICAO code LFDX) on the Montayral side of the Lot river valley, five kilometers southeast of the former steel town of Fumel. On the afternoon of October 23, 2015, a man walking his dog near the hangars turned back toward the sky to see a motionless, silent dark shape hang for twenty minutes before vanishing — the subject of this site's Montayral Aerodrome Object, which GEIPAN classified D1 after a hot-air-balloon hypothesis fell short of 50% probability.

A medieval town of roughly 6,900 on the Côtière escarpment north-east of Lyon, its upper quarter anchored by the medieval Tour carrée, and the seat of a 13th-century Knights Templar commandery. At 3:10 a.m. on May 14, 2022, a resident on his apartment balcony watched a silent, anthracite-grey rectangular object cross the sky in eight seconds and, he said, deform the clouds behind it — the subject of this site's Montluel Cloud-Distorting Object, a case GEIPAN's own field investigation upgraded to "good" consistency and classified D: unidentified.

Home to Shannon Airport and the Shannon Air Traffic Control Centre, which manages the oceanic and domestic airspace over southwest Ireland and the eastern approach to the North Atlantic Track system. Before sunrise on November 9, 2018, Shannon controllers fielded a rapid sequence of radio reports from a British Airways Boeing 787 (callsign Speedbird94), a Virgin Atlantic Boeing 747 (Virgin76), and a Norwegian Air International 737, in an exchange about very bright, fast-moving lights near their high-altitude tracks off the County Kerry coast — the incident at the center of The 2018 Irish Airspace UFO Sightings. The exchange, in which controllers confirmed "nothing showing on either primary or secondary radar," was later published online, and the Irish Aviation Authority filed an occurrence report for confidential investigation. Astronomy Ireland reported a fragmenting fireball seen from the west coast at the same time.

A small city in the Bear River Valley of Box Elder County, northern Utah, roughly twenty miles north of the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge and the Great Salt Lake — one of the most significant gull nesting habitats in the western United States. Seven miles north of town on U.S. Highway 30, Navy Chief Photographer Delbert Newhouse and his family filmed ten or twelve bright objects on July 2, 1952, producing one of the two most intensively analyzed motion-picture UFO cases of the Cold War era. The town's proximity to the Great Salt Lake's gull population became the central fact underpinning the Robertson Panel's "birds" verdict on the film and the Condon Committee's 1968 identification of the objects as birds.

A hill town of roughly 2,300 residents at 769m elevation in the upper Trebbia valley, about 20km northeast of Genoa. In the hamlet of Marzano, on its outskirts, security guard Pier Fortunato Zanfretta reported his December 6–7, 1978 close encounter near the "Casa Nostra" villa, the first of eleven incidents reported through 1981. English-language sources note the town is "popularly known as the UFO capital of Italy" as a direct result of the case.

A hill overlooking Genoa on the city's eastern outskirts. On July 30, 1979, Pier Fortunato Zanfretta disappeared while on scooter patrol near Quarto and was found hours later, disoriented, atop Monte Fasce, roughly two kilometers from his abandoned Vespa — the third of his eleven reported encounters.

New Mexico's largest city and the geographic center of the late-1948 Green Fireballs wave, sitting within roughly a hundred miles of Los Alamos, Kirtland Air Force Base, Sandia Base, and the University of New Mexico. Beginning in late November 1948, residents across the city and surrounding region reported brilliant green fireballs streaking silently overhead, launching an investigation that reached the highest levels of the nation's atomic-weapons security establishment.

The rural riverbank corridor south of Fayetteville and Hope Mills where, on the night of January 8, 2007, homebuilder Chris Bledsoe Sr. and four companions reported maneuvering orange lights, a large luminous object, and small humanoid entities during a fishing trip, followed by roughly four hours of missing time — the origin point of the "UFO of God" contact events. The exact stretch of riverbank has never been publicly disclosed. The area sits adjacent to Fort Bragg and the Pope Army Airfield/Simmons Army Airfield airspace.

A small Rockingham County town roughly ten miles from Pease Air Force Base, and the site of the September 3, 1965 police-corroborated sighting made famous by the Exeter Police Department and journalist John G. Fuller's bestselling book. The actual encounter took place on rural Kensington Road (NH Route 150), a few miles south of the town center.

Small farming community in the Smoky Hills region of north-central Kansas, about thirty miles north of Salina. On November 2, 1971, sixteen-year-old Ronald Johnson reported a brilliantly lit, multicolored object beside a shelter belt of trees on his family's sheep farm a mile north of town; the family then found a glowing, water-repellent soil ring that became one of ufology's most laboratory-analyzed physical-trace cases.

Small hillside commune on the Nartuby river in the Var department of Provence, southeastern France. On January 8, 1981, Renato Nicolaï, a former works foreman on an invalidity pension, said a lead-gray object landed briefly on a terrace of his property about two kilometres from the village, leaving arcs of compacted, striated soil later investigated by GEPAN, the government UAP study unit inside France's national space agency CNES — one of the very few UFO cases in which a national space agency commissioned physical and biochemical trace analysis. Skeptics attribute the marks to tire skids; GEIPAN classifies the case as unidentified (D).

A residential suburb immediately west of Nancy in the Lorraine region of northeastern France. On October 21, 1982, a biologist reported an oval, metallic-and-translucent object hovering roughly a meter above the small garden in front of his house for about twenty minutes, after which he noticed withered flower clusters in a nearby amaranth bed (which he later pulled up before GEPAN's visit) — the finding that gave GEPAN's formal investigation, published as Note Technique n°17, its case name, "L'Amarante."

A tiny cattle-farming commune on the high, volcanic Saint-Flour plateau in France's Massif Central, roughly 15 km southwest of Saint-Flour. On the morning of August 29, 1967, siblings François and Anne-Marie Delpeuch reported four small black humanoid figures boarding a hovering metallic sphere at the Les Tuiles pasture just outside the village — a case later reconstructed on-site by GEPAN founder Claude Poher in 1978 and cited in the 1999 COMETA defense report.

Hilltop village overlooking the lavender-growing Plateau de Valensole, in the department then called Basses-Alpes (renamed Alpes-de-Haute-Provence in 1970). On July 1, 1965, farmer Maurice Masse reported a landed, six-legged, rugby-ball-shaped craft in a lavender field in the quarter of l'Olivol, about 2 km northwest of the village; his account of two small beings and paralysis came in a supplementary statement seven weeks later. Gendarmes examined the spot on the night of July 2 and photographed it the next morning: a shallow bowl about 1.2 m across with an 18 cm central hole and four 2 m furrows in a cross, in soil they found compact while the rest of the field was loose. GEPAN did not yet exist, and GEIPAN classes the case D by default.

Small commune on the Douai–Blanc-Misseron rail line in the Nord department, barely 2 km from the Belgian border. On September 10, 1954, metalworker Marius Dewilde reported a landed, silent craft with two small humanoid figures on the railway tracks beside his home, after which air-police inspectors examined indentations in the wooden rail sleepers (counted in the press as four, five or six marks) a few days later — the best-known case of the autumn 1954 French UFO wave that Aimé Michel would go on to study.

Regional administrative seat of the arrondissement covering Quarouble and Onnaing, roughly 10 km southwest of the 1954 encounter site. Marius Dewilde's case became internationally known as the "Quarouble, near Valenciennes" sighting through contemporary and later press coverage centered on the city.

Yamhill County seat that gave its name to the world-famous Trent UFO photographs, though the actual farm where Paul and Evelyn Trent photographed a metallic disc on May 11, 1950 sat roughly ten miles southwest (Condon Report), nearer the town of Sheridan. The McMinnville Telephone-Register broke the story on June 8, 1950, and the town now hosts the annual McMenamins UFO Festival, one of the largest UFO-themed gatherings in the United States.

The Cascade County seat where Nick Mariana filmed two bright lights from Legion Park in August 1950 (usually dated August 15), in what became one of the earliest and most analyzed motion-picture UFO records in history. Home to nearby Malmstrom Air Force Base (known as Great Falls Air Force Base until 1955), the city has logged more than 100 additional UFO reports since 1950, and its Pioneer League baseball club renamed itself the Great Falls Voyagers in 2008 in a nod to the incident.

A small Cascade County town about 20 miles southeast of Great Falls, near which truck driver Ken Williams reported a domed object pacing his vehicle and landing in a nearby canyon at about 9:00 PM on March 24, 1967; a highway patrolman saw an unusual light and sheriff's deputies found freshly broken branches. The base's investigating officer, Lewis Chase, recorded "negative results," and Blue Book carried the case as unidentified. Robert Salas later attached the same date to his Oscar Flight missile-shutdown account.

Built in 1940 and known as Legion Park until 2007 (today Centene Stadium), this municipal ballpark was the home field of the Great Falls Electrics/Selectrics when general manager Nick Mariana filmed two bright lights moving southwest and passing behind a water tower on the morning usually given as August 15, 1950, with his secretary Virginia Raunig as a corroborating witness.

One of the five north-central Montana counties swept up in the 1975–1977 cattle mutilation wave; Undersheriff Jerry Skelton logged mutilations near Geyser, southeast of Stanford and near Utica, including an October 9, 1975 bull calf found with a filmy, cobweb-like petroleum-distillate residue laboratory-confirmed ten days after the carcass was first examined.

One of the five north-central Montana counties swept up in the 1975–1977 cattle mutilation wave; Deputies Bob Blades and Tom Lee investigated cases along the Missouri River bottomlands, including a March 24, 1975 heifer found at the bottom of a coulee with no human or vehicle tracks beyond the rancher's in the mud, though with blood and signs of a scuffle around the carcass.

A Teton County farming town on Montana's Rocky Mountain Front where, on the night of January 21, 1976, a rancher and his two teenage sons used field glasses to watch a rectangular "hotel-size" object, apparently sitting on the ground, — an estimated 300–400 feet long and 60 feet high with two rows of lighted windows — accompanied by smaller darting lights in a stubble field before it moved off toward the Sun River Valley. Teton County Sheriff Pete Howard investigated the county's share of the wave's cattle mutilations from his office in nearby Choteau.

One of the five north-central Montana counties swept up in the 1975–1977 cattle mutilation wave; Sheriff Walter Hammermeister investigated Pondera County's mutilation reports while, before dawn on October 19, 1975, officers between Conrad and Shelby followed a color-changing light that Malmstrom Air Force Base and NORAD told them was not a conventional aircraft — at the hour a brilliant Venus was rising in the east.

The remote wilderness region in northwest Canada where a cylindrical, unidentified high-altitude object was shot down by a U.S. F-22 fighter jet on February 11, 2023, on Prime Minister Trudeau's order with President Biden's authorization of U.S. aircraft; Defence Minister Anand placed the debris area northeast of Dawson City, and the RCMP-led search ended on February 17 without finding wreckage.

The territorial capital on the northern shore of Great Slave Lake where, on the night of January 29, 2023, the flight crew of Canadian North Flight 5071 reported two unidentified white lights "dancing" in a circular pattern on approach to Yellowknife Airport (CYZF) — visible for the full descent and landing, yet undetected by radar or the aircraft's own TCAS.

Canada's Pacific coast metropolis, sitting almost exactly astride the 49th parallel — a latitude band peer-reviewed UBC research identifies as a maximal-impact zone for satellite-megaconstellation visibility. On the night of August 19, 2022, many residents across Metro Vancouver and, independently, across Greater Victoria and southern Vancouver Island roughly 100 km away, filmed a slow-moving "train" of lights later identified as the freshly deployed SpaceX Starlink 4-27 satellite batch.

The airspace near Prudhoe Bay on the northern coast of Alaska, where the first of three unidentified high-altitude objects was shot down by a U.S. F-22 on February 10, 2023, after being tracked by NORAD radar entering U.S. territory.

A small community just above the Arctic Circle in Alaska's sparsely populated interior, near whose airspace the crew of Japan Air Lines Cargo Flight 1628 first reported two unidentified objects and, later, a giant "mothership" on November 17, 1986, while cruising at 35,000 feet.

Alaska's largest city, home to the FAA's Anchorage Air Route Traffic Control Center, which reported an intermittent radar contact pacing Japan Air Lines Cargo Flight 1628 in 1986, and the destination airport where the crew was interviewed by FAA security investigators within hours of landing.

The New York island whose airspace forms the departure corridor for transatlantic flights out of JFK International Airport, over which the crews of Lufthansa Flight 405 and British Airways Flight 226 reported a bright light with a green trail passing above them on the night of November 17, 1995.

Home to the FAA's Boston Air Route Traffic Control Center, whose controllers fielded the Lufthansa 405 and British Airways 226 radio reports on November 17, 1995, found no traffic on their own radar, and checked with the U.S. Navy's "Giant Killer" military airspace controllers, who had no aircraft in the area.

The location off the coast of Myrtle Beach where a U.S. F-22 fighter jet shot down a Chinese high-altitude surveillance balloon on February 4, 2023, setting off the series of airspace tracking recalibrations and subsequent UAP shootdowns.

The airspace above Lake Huron, where a U.S. F-16 fighter jet shot down an unidentified aerial object, described by Rep. Jack Bergman as octagonal, on February 12, 2023. The object was tracked at about 20,000 feet and fell about 15 nautical miles from the Upper Peninsula shore, likely in Canadian waters; shoreline debris including a weather-equipment module, found in March 2023, was never confirmed as coming from it.

The north-central Montana community over which NORAD's recalibrated radar first logged the object later shot down over Lake Huron, on the night of February 11, 2023, before it was reacquired the next morning drifting east across Wisconsin and Michigan.

The remote sheep ranch managed by Mac Brazel, about 30 miles southeast of Corona, where the Roswell debris was found. In his July 1947 interview Brazel said he found it on June 14: rubber strips, tinfoil, a rather tough paper, tape and sticks, scattered over an area about 200 yards across and weighing perhaps five pounds in all. Descriptions of "memory metal" that could not be cut or burned come from accounts given from 1978 onward.

A third proposed crash site northwest of Roswell. Jim Ragsdale claimed to witness the craft collide with a cliff face here after skipping off the debris field at Foster Ranch, supporting the 'Skip/Bounce' trajectory theory.

A U.S. Army post in San Pedro and headquarters of the harbor defenses of Los Angeles during the Second World War. The Fort MacArthur Museum now marks the February 1942 air-raid alarm, the “Battle of Los Angeles,” with an annual public event, “The Great LA Air Raid of 1942.”

A high-altitude desert basin in western New Mexico. In Roswell research, this location is widely cited as the "secondary crash site" or "body site," where civil engineer Barney Barnett and a group of archeology students reportedly stumbled upon a metallic disc and alien bodies.

The active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range near where pilot Kenneth Arnold reported nine objects, mostly flat and disc-like with one crescent-shaped, flying in formation on June 24, 1947. Arnold estimated their speed at well over 1,000 mph. The press coverage of his account gave rise to the term "flying saucer" and launched the modern UFO era.

An island in Puget Sound, the site of the controversial June 21, 1947, encounter where Harold Dahl claimed doughnut-shaped craft dropped hot metallic slag onto his boat, killing his dog. The FBI concluded the story was a hoax, but the B-25 carrying the two Army Air Forces officers who had interviewed Dahl and Crisman crashed near Kelso on August 1, 1947, killing them both.

The site near which the B-25 bomber carrying the two officers who had investigated the Maury Island claims crashed on August 1, 1947, after an engine caught fire in flight, killing officers Frank M. Brown and William L. Davidson (two others aboard parachuted to safety) — the deaths that transformed the Maury Island incident from a local curiosity into a case with real casualties.

The scenic mountain range containing U.S. Highway Route 3. While driving south through this region on September 19–20, 1961, Betty and Barney Hill observed a silent, structured craft that descended over their car, leading to the first widely publicized "abduction" and two hours of missing time.

The restricted Navy training airspace off the Virginia and Florida coasts where F/A-18F Super Hornet aircrew of the USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) Carrier Strike Group reported near-daily radar and infrared UAP contacts from summer 2014 through March 2015, including the January 21, 2015 encounters that produced the "Gimbal" and "GoFast" videos.

The naval sector where the USS Nimitz carrier group and USS Princeton guided-missile cruiser tracked anomalous radar targets and dispatched Commander David Fravor and Lt. Commander Alex Dietrich to visually intercept the Tic Tac UAP in 2004.

A Forestry Commission pine plantation adjacent to RAF Bentwaters and RAF Woodbridge in Suffolk. On December 26 and 28, 1980, USAF security personnel and Deputy Base Commander Charles Halt pursued unexplained lights here. Later accounts by some witnesses describe a landed, triangular metallic craft; the contemporaneous record includes Halt's memo and tape, background-level radiation readings, and three small depressions that the police and a forester identified as rabbit diggings. A Forestry Commission "UFO Trail" opened in 2005.

The corridor across Arizona, from the Prescott area over Phoenix toward Tucson, along which many witnesses on March 13, 1997 reported a V or chevron of lights around 8 PM. Descriptions conflicted, and an amateur astronomer watching through a telescope saw it as a formation of planes. The later 10 PM lights over Phoenix were flares dropped by the Air National Guard.

The 33,000-acre reservoir on the Pearl River. The site of a personal close encounter in 2012 by the founder of OverClassified, who witnessed a silent black triangular craft tracking the shoreline at low altitude for seven miles, prompting the creation of this archive.

The area of bush near Falcon Lake where prospector Stefan Michalak said, on May 20, 1967, that two objects descended and one landed. He was burned on the abdomen as the landed craft left, and was treated that night for first-degree burns. He could not lead investigators back to the spot at first; he and a companion relocated it in late June, when trace radiation was found in a rock crevice.

The airspace over Tehran and Mehrabad Airport. Late on September 18, 1976, residents of the Shemiran district phoned in reports of a bright, colour-changing light, which Mehrabad's night tower supervisor, Hossein Pirouzi, also saw through binoculars. The airport's radar was under repair that night. Two Imperial Iranian Air Force F-4s were scrambled. The first lost instruments and radio as it closed. The second reported a radar lock, its pilot's weapons control panel failed as he tried to fire, and it lost radio on its approach to Mehrabad, in the same sector where an airliner also reported a communications failure.

A private primary school near Ruwa where, during the morning break on September 16, 1994, a group of pupils (usually given as 62) reported silvery objects coming down among the trees beyond the playground and small figures in black. No adult saw anything. The children were interviewed by BBC cameraman Tim Leach and researcher Cynthia Hind within four days and by Dr. John Mack ten weeks later.

The area of the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest, about 12 miles south of Heber, where Mike Rogers's crew held a Forest Service thinning contract. Here on November 5, 1975 the crew reported a glowing disc and said Travis Walton was struck by a beam of light before his five-day disappearance. The area burned in the 2002 Rodeo–Chediski fire.

The border region where the Belgian UFO wave began on November 29, 1989. Gendarmes Heinrich Nicoll and Hubert von Montigny reported a large triangular platform with bright lights underneath and a flashing orange light, near the Eupen–Kettenis road, and dozens of residents reported lights that evening, most of the reports collected over the following week.

Site of the historic July 26, 2023, House Oversight Committee hearing where whistleblower David Grusch, fighter pilot Ryan Graves, and former Commander David Fravor testified under oath about UAP. Grusch claimed the U.S. government has been running illegal non-human intelligence recovery programs for decades. Also the site of the November 13, 2024 joint subcommittee hearing "Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena: Exposing the Truth" (Room 2154, Rayburn House Office Building), at which journalist Michael Shellenberger testified about whistleblower Matthew Brown's "Immaculate Constellation" report, entered into the Congressional Record that same day by Rep. Nancy Mace.

Open farmland at the eastern edge of the Rendlesham Forest complex, beyond the clearing with the supposed landing marks. Larry Warren's disputed account places a landed craft and entities here on a "third night"; Halt's memo does not name Capel Green. Halt's team crossed the farmer's fields east of the forest on December 28, 1980, while following a flashing light in the direction of the Orford Ness lighthouse.

The city at the center of the most famous UFO case in history. In July 1947, rancher Mac Brazel reported a debris field about 75 miles northwest of Roswell. The material was brought to Roswell Army Air Field, where it was processed and flown to Fort Worth. The subsequent press release — announcing the recovery of a "flying disc" — was retracted within hours. The city now hosts the International UFO Museum and Research Center.

A Union Pacific railroad and oil-patch town in south-central Wyoming's high desert. On October 25, 1974, oil-rig foreman Carl Higdon set out from Rawlins to hunt elk in McCarty Canyon, roughly 40 miles south in the Medicine Bow National Forest, where he reported meeting a humanoid entity and being taken aboard a craft — the case investigated by University of Wyoming psychologist Dr. Leo Sprinkle and profiled in Flying Saucer Review and the APRO Bulletin.

The precise location in the White Mountains where Betty and Barney Hill had their first close encounter on September 19–20, 1961. Driving south on U.S. Route 3 near Indian Head mountain, Barney stopped the car, stepped out with binoculars, and observed the craft with humanoid figures through its windows at approximately 50–80 feet before fleeing.

The coastal lighthouse about 5 miles east of the edge of Rendlesham Forest, then one of the brightest in Britain, flashing every five seconds. Ian Ridpath and other skeptics identify it as the flashing light the airmen followed on December 26, 1980 and that Lt. Col. Halt saw on December 28: it lay in the same direction, and the timings on Halt's tape match its flash rate. In their 1980 statements, two of the airmen said the light they chased turned out to be a lighthouse. Halt and other witnesses reject the identification.

A small village near Verviers notorious as the origin of the Belgian Wave's most famous — and later discredited — photograph. In July 2011, Patrick Maréchal confessed on Belgian television (RTL-TVI) that the famous triangular photo, released anonymously in April 1990, was a painted polystyrene model with lights in the corners. The confession debunks the photo; it does not by itself explain the other reports of the wave.

A reservoir dam near Jalhay where, on November 29, 1989, the opening night of the Belgian UFO Wave, gendarmes Nicoll and von Montigny watched a bright light near the dam's tower for a long time, describing beams projecting from it. Skeptics identify this light as the planet Venus; the claim that a gendarme tracked a low-flying craft to the dam for over an hour is not supported by the sources found.

A small village near Gembloux, site of a major Belgian Wave sighting on December 11, 1989. Belgian Army Lt. Col. André Amond and his wife, driving from Ernage toward Gembloux, reported a row of four white-yellow trapezoidal lights above a pulsating red light, and Amond sent a written report to the Defence Minister's office on December 19. Skeptics have proposed a helicopter; Amond rejects that.

A national forest of about two million acres in east-central Arizona that forms the backdrop of the Travis Walton case. On November 5, 1975, a seven-man thinning crew, Walton among them, reported a glowing object near Turkey Springs. They said Walton was struck by a beam of light, and he was missing for five days while the forest was searched.

The White Mountains town that was home to Travis Walton and most of his logging crew, about 30 miles from the Turkey Springs worksite. Walton reappeared five days after his disappearance by telephoning his brother-in-law from a pay phone in Heber, not Snowflake, just after midnight on November 11, 1975. The town became a centre of the press coverage that followed.

One of the early points on the Phoenix Lights corridor on March 13, 1997. The first known report came from Henderson, Nevada at 7:55 PM, and a former police officer in nearby Paulden reported reddish-orange lights at about 8:15 PM. Reports from Prescott and Prescott Valley followed, as the V-shaped pattern of lights moved south toward Phoenix (about 8:30) and Tucson (about 8:45). One Prescott witness saw one light trail the others for a time.

The city in central Washington State that private pilot Kenneth Arnold was flying to, from Chehalis, when he saw nine flat, tailless objects near Mount Rainier on June 24, 1947. After landing at Yakima he told his friend Al Baxter, who did not believe him, and then flew on to Pendleton, Oregon, where the East Oregonian story the next day set off the first major wave of "flying saucer" reports.

A town about 22 kilometers southeast of Harare (in 1994 little more than a crossroads in a farming area) and the site of the September 16, 1994 Ariel School sighting, in which some 62 pupils reported a craft coming down in the bush next to their school and figures near it. Reports of telepathic environmental messages first appear in John Mack's interviews ten weeks later. The case is one of the best-known mass child-witness UFO reports, and is disputed.

A rural region in Semnan Province where the secondary object observed during the 1976 Tehran UFO incident descended to the ground. During the F-4 intercept, crew members observed a smaller bright object detach from the primary UAP and descend here. An Iranian military helicopter investigated the landing site the following morning.

A remote stretch of Nevada State Route 375, now officially designated the "Extraterrestrial Highway," near the tiny community of Rachel. Bob Lazar brought Gene Huff and John Lear here on multiple Wednesday evenings in 1989 to observe scheduled test flights of advanced craft from S-4. On March 15 and 22, 1989, they witnessed a disc performing dramatic hovering and acceleration maneuvers over the restricted test range. On March 29, they were detained by Indian Springs security personnel.

A 2,729 km² provincial park in eastern Manitoba on the Precambrian Shield, about 150 km east of Winnipeg, where the Falcon Lake incident was reported on May 20, 1967. Prospector Stefan Michalak said two objects descended near him and one landed. After he relocated the site in late June, the federal health department’s Radiation Protection Division found trace radiation in a rock crevice; the sample he himself supplied was highly radioactive. The town of Pinawa in the area housed the Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, but no WNRE survey of the site has been documented.

The wooded ravine near Kecksburg, PA, where residents reported that something came down on December 9, 1965, the evening a bright fireball crossed several states and Ontario. State Police and a three-man Air Force radar-squadron team searched the area that night and officially found nothing; later witnesses described an acorn-shaped object and its removal on a military truck. The fireball's measured path ended near western Lake Erie.

The West Texas county, centered on its seat of Levelland, across whose rural farm-to-market roads seven drivers reported a glowing egg-shaped object and engine and headlight failures within about two and a half hours on the night of November 2–3, 1957; Sheriff Weir Clem and his deputy saw a red light themselves while investigating.

The largest city of the Texas South Plains, roughly 30 miles east of Levelland on the Llano Estacado, cited in the November 1957 Levelland case as the nearest major population center; Lubbock was also the site of the well-known 1951 "Lubbock Lights" sightings, a separate and unrelated case witnessed by four Texas Technological College professors and photographed by freshman Carl Hart Jr.

The vast, flat "Staked Plains" tableland of West Texas and eastern New Mexico on which Levelland sits. Its treeless, unlit grid of farm roads gave 1957 motorists an unobstructed, multi-mile line of sight that made the reported object exceptionally conspicuous against the night sky.

Near this city the unidentified ~3,000 MHz signal that had shadowed a USAF RB-47H bomber for over an hour, across Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas, finally faded from the crew's ELINT receivers on the morning of July 17, 1957, marking the end of the pursuit.

Over the Gulf of Mexico near this Mississippi coastal city, Electronic Warfare Officer Frank McClure's ALA-6 receiver registered the first unexplained 2,800–3,000 MHz signal of the July 17, 1957 RB-47 encounter — a contact that appeared to orbit the aircraft's own position rather than holding a fixed bearing, a detail central to the case's later technical debate.

Near this rural northeastern Louisiana town, the RB-47's pilot and copilot had their first visual sighting of the July 17, 1957 encounter: an intensely bright, bluish-white light that crossed the aircraft's flight path at an angular velocity neither pilot said he had ever seen matched by a conventional aircraft, before abruptly "blinking out."

The East Anglian county home to the USAF-tenanted RAF stations Bentwaters and Lakenheath, where radar operators tracked the anomalous high-speed and stop-and-go targets of the August 13–14, 1956 incident. The same clear night produced an unusually heavy concentration of Perseid meteor activity, a detail later weighed in the case's technical analysis.

A Cambridgeshire cathedral city where civilian witness John Killock reported watching a fast-moving white light and, separately, a Venom night-fighter in August 1956 — an account he made public in a 1978 letter to the Daily Express during the press resurgence of the Lakenheath-Bentwaters case. Researchers later identified a Coltishall-based Venom's aborted sortie as a plausible explanation for the sighting.

The Gangetic-plain city that anchors the Ramayana's vimana narrative, in which the god-king Rama is described returning here by flying chariot from Lanka. No physical site, artifact, or debris has ever been associated with the story, distinguishing it sharply from modern UAP incident files.

A ruined platform mound near Lake Titicaca, part of the Tiwanaku civilization's ceremonial core, with initial mound-fill construction radiocarbon-dated to roughly 536–600 CE. Its precisely cut, interlocking red sandstone and andesite blocks are among the most frequently cited pieces of claimed evidence for the Ancient Astronaut Hypothesis and one of the most-featured sites in History Channel's Ancient Aliens franchise, though direct experimental replication using period-attested stone tools is consistent with the site's genuine, well-documented Tiwanaku-era stoneworking tradition.

The western Indian coastal city associated with Krishna in the Mahabharata, around which several of that epic's vimana episodes are set. Like Ayodhya, it functions as literary and religious geography rather than a documented physical incident site.

The city where Vatican Egyptologist Alberto Tulli reportedly encountered the papyrus fragment that would become known as the Tulli Papyrus in an antiquities dealer's shop around 1933–34, making a rapid handwritten copy of its hieratic text rather than purchasing the object outright. That copy is the only version of the document that has ever surfaced.

The former seat of the Ottoman sultans, whose library staff found a disregarded gazelle-skin parchment fragment among neglected manuscript holdings in late 1929 during a Rockefeller Foundation-funded survey of the palace's collections. German orientalist Paul Kahle identified it as Piri Reis's 1513 world map, the surviving fragment of the chart the admiral had originally presented to Sultan Selim I in 1517. It remains in the palace's Library and Museum today.

The vast Egyptian temple complex on whose walls Thutmose III's scribe Thanuny inscribed the extensively documented "Annals of Thutmose III." The alleged "fiery discs" episode central to the Tulli Papyrus story appears nowhere in these or any other inscription securely dated to his reign.

The Free Imperial City above which, at daybreak on April 14, 1561, townspeople reported a sky filled with globes, crosses, tubes and colored streaks that appeared to clash before falling to earth. Printer Hans Glaser's illustrated broadsheet of the event remains one of the most reproduced primary sources in historical UFO literature, though its geometry closely matches a sundog/parhelia display.

A Hanseatic university city on the Baltic coast of what was then East Germany, a few kilometers from the Greifswald Nuclear Power Plant (Kernkraftwerk Nord) at Lubmin and the former V-2 rocket site at Peenemünde. On the evening of August 24, 1990 — five weeks before German reunification — residents here and across the Greifswalder Bodden photographed and filmed two formations of luminous spheres hovering for about half an hour in the Greifswald Lights case, investigated by physicist Illobrand von Ludwiger's MUFON-CES team.

A major Baltic port city roughly 85 km west of Greifswald whose German Weather Service station recorded the cloud cover and wind data cited in the Greifswald Lights investigation, and among the towns from which residents and tourists reported observing the August 24, 1990 light formations.

The Swiss Confederacy city above whose Basel Minster residents reported a blood-red sunset, a reddened near-full Moon and a red-lit sunrise on July 27–28, 1566 (there was no lunar eclipse that month), followed on August 7 by many large black spheres that seemed to fight before the rising sun, some turning fiery red. The broadsheet written by Samuel Coccius and printed by Samuel Apiarius is the closest documented parallel to the 1561 Nuremberg celestial phenomenon.

The historic treaty-port city, once ringed by nine foreign concessions, where a Tientsin street photographer allegedly captured the single disputed-date (1911 or 1942) photograph at the center of the Hopeh Province Sighting — showing a crowd gazing up at a dark, hat-like object over a busy commercial street. Occupied by Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945), the era to which most sources date the photograph.

The Rome residence of the priest brother of Vatican Egyptologist Alberto Tulli. Per the Tulli Papyrus story, Tulli's personal papers passed here under his will after his 1950 death, and it was from this estate — roughly three years later — that his hieratic copy of the papyrus text first became publicly known, via a Fortean magazine rather than an Egyptological publication.

The approximate location of the naru kabari, the large Euphrates irrigation canal near Nippur that most historical-geographical scholarship identifies with the biblical "river of Chebar" — the site where the exiled priest Ezekiel, living among a documented community of Judean deportees, recorded his inaugural vision of the four living creatures and "a wheel within a wheel" in 593 BCE. No archaeological site or debris field is tied to the account; the identification rests on textual and cuneiform-archive evidence (including the Al-Yahudu tablets) rather than a fixed excavated location.

A UNESCO World Heritage site (inscribed 1984) in eastern Lebanon's Beqaa Valley, continuously occupied since the Neolithic period and renamed Heliopolis under Hellenistic Greek rule. The Roman Temple of Jupiter's podium, built c. 16 BCE–60 CE, incorporates three roughly 800-ton limestone megaliths (the "Trilithon"), with three still-larger unfinished monoliths — up to roughly 1,650 tons — left abandoned in the adjacent quarry. Ancient-astronaut writers Erich von Däniken and Zecharia Sitchin have called the platform an Anunnaki spaceport; peer-reviewed engineering scholarship and ongoing German Archaeological Institute research describe an entirely human, if genuinely remarkable, Roman-era construction project.

The fortified Phoenician island city, now a UNESCO World Heritage site on the Lebanese coast, that Alexander the Great besieged for roughly seven months in 332 BCE. The real siege — causeways, fire-ships, and red-hot shields hurled from the walls — is extensively documented by Arrian, Curtius, Diodorus, and Plutarch. The popular modern claim that "flying shields" were seen circling overhead appears in none of them; see this archive's file for the claim's real, fully traceable 20th-century origin.

The Cattedrale di Santa Maria Annunziata on Italy's Adriatic coast, home to one of the largest and best-preserved medieval figural floor mosaics in Europe, completed 1163–65 under Archbishop Gionata and signed by its creator, the priest Pantaleone. A discrete panel within the mosaic's vast Tree of Life composition, labeled "ALEXANDER REX," depicts Alexander the Great's legendary griffin-basket ascent to the sky — the real period artwork documented in that file's hero image.

Venice's great domed basilica, whose north facade incorporates an 11th-century Byzantine relief carving, probably made in or near Constantinople, showing Alexander the Great seated between two griffins as they lift him skyward — the earliest surviving physical depiction of the legend documented in this archive's Griffin-Basket Ascent file, predating Otranto Cathedral's own mosaic version by roughly a century.

The location Plutarch names for the "wine-jar shaped" sky-fire that fell between the armies of Lucullus and the Sertorius-allied commander Marcus Marius, c. 74 BCE, in the opening year of the Third Mithridatic War. Otryae is not securely identified by modern historical geography; the coordinates given here are an approximate regional placement in interior Phrygia, not a confirmed excavated site.

An ancient Apulian city, near modern Foggia, where Livy records that "shields were seen in the heavens" and red-hot stones fell from the sky in 217 BCE, formally reported to and reviewed by the Roman Senate and decemviri sacris faciundis on the eve of the Battle of Lake Trasimene.

Capt. Thomas Mantell's own hometown, and the site of his fatal crash on January 7, 1948, in a farm field roughly five miles southwest of town — some 90 miles south-southwest of Godman Field, where his fatal pursuit began. The Simpson County Historical Society dedicated a state historical marker to Mantell here in 2001.

Sparsely populated Red River Valley farm county in Minnesota's extreme northwest corner, near the North Dakota border. On the night of August 27, 1979, Marshall County Deputy Sheriff Val Johnson reported an intense light striking his patrol car on a rural highway here — one of the most physically documented single-witness UFO encounters in American history.

The exact rural highway junction, roughly ten miles west of Stephen, where Deputy Val Johnson turned to investigate a bright light and, by his account, was struck and rendered unconscious for roughly 39 minutes on August 27, 1979. By Johnson's statement the car ran on 854 feet after the encounter and then left about 99 feet of skid marks; the police measured about 950 feet from the broken headlight glass to where the car came to rest.

Small Marshall County town roughly ten miles east of the site of Val Johnson's August 27, 1979 encounter. Stephen's own deputy responded to the scene and Johnson was carried from here by ambulance to a hospital in Warren for treatment of eye injuries resembling welder's burns.

County seat of Marshall County, home to the Marshall County Sheriff's Office that investigated Val Johnson's 1979 encounter and to the local newspaper, the Sheaf, which reported it on August 29, 1979. Johnson's actual damaged patrol car — windshield, hood, headlight, and antennas as found in August 1979 — is on display at the Marshall County Historical Society Museum on the fairgrounds here; the museum's president said in 2013 that it is the item most visitors mention as their reason for coming.

Small Saunders County farm town roughly 25 miles northeast of Lincoln where patrolman Herbert Schirmer was on overnight rounds on December 3, 1967, when he reported a saucer-shaped object hovering over the nearby junction of U.S. Highway 6 and Nebraska Highway 63. Schirmer was briefly appointed the town's police chief in April 1968, but within a month the mayor named someone else, according to the local newspaper.

Roughly 20 miles southwest of the city, over rural central Alabama, Eastern Air Lines Capt. Clarence Chiles and First Officer John Whitted encountered a wingless, cigar-shaped object at 5,000 feet on the night of July 24, 1948 — one of the three 1948 "classic" cases that fed Project Sign's classified Estimate of the Situation.

Over the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay near this city, approaching Norfolk and adjacent to Langley Field, Pan American World Airways First Officer William B. Nash and Second Officer William H. Fortenberry watched eight glowing red-orange discs maneuver alongside their DC-4 on the night of July 14, 1952. Air Force investigators said seven other reports came in from the area within about thirty minutes, and NACA-Langley aerodynamicist Paul R. Hill watched maneuvering lights from the ground two days later.

Departure point of Eastern Air Lines Flight 576 on the night of July 23–24, 1948, the overnight passenger and mail run bound for Atlanta, Georgia that carried Capt. Clarence Chiles, First Officer John Whitted, and passenger Clarence McKelvie into their encounter over Alabama a few hours later. Also the city where retired butcher Charles Dellschau produced his Sonora Aero Club notebooks between 1899 and 1922, decades after the club's claimed California activity.

NASA's launch site for Apollo 11, which lifted off from Launch Complex 39A on July 16, 1969 carrying Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Buzz Aldrin toward the Moon; about two and a half days later, during translunar coast, the crew watched an unidentified object that Aldrin later attributed to one of the mission's jettisoned adapter panels.

Rural farm country along State Route 224 between the villages of Atwater and Randolph, where sheriff's deputies Dale Spaur and Wilbur Neff first saw a bright, humming, dome-shaped object on April 17, 1966, before pursuing it 85 miles into Pennsylvania. The county seat is Ravenna, where NICAP investigator William Weitzel later taped Blue Book chief Hector Quintanilla's interview with the witnesses.

Rural farmland and reservoir southeast of Mansfield where, on the night of October 18, 1973, an Army Reserve UH-1H Huey crewed by Capt. Lawrence Coyne, 1Lt. Arrigo Jezzi, SSG Robert Yanacsek, and SSG John Healey reported a near-collision with a large, gray, cigar-shaped object. The crew reported an anomalous climb read from the altimeter with the collective fully down, and a mother and four adolescents on Route 430 near Charles Mill Lake reported a green-lit object over a helicopter. The case became one of the first major investigations of J. Allen Hynek's newly founded Center for UFO Studies, led by field investigator Jennie Zeidman. It came during a national wave of UFO reports in October 1973.

The largest, coldest, and deepest of the Great Lakes, and the site of the November 23, 1953 disappearance of an F-89C Scorpion crewed by Felix Moncla and Robert Wilson, about 70 miles off Keweenaw Point. The Calumet GCI radar saw the interceptor's return merge with its target's, identified by the Air Force as an RCAF C-47, and the fighter never reappeared; a binational search recovered no wreckage.

Birthplace of 1st Lt. Felix Moncla, born here October 21, 1926. Nearby, at Sacred Heart Cemetery in neighboring Moreauville, a memorial erected by his family bears a plaque reading "Disappeared Nov. 23, 1953 intercepting an UFO over Canadian Border as Pilot of a Northrup F89 Jet Plane," making the site a recurring point of reference in coverage of the Kinross Incident.

A coastal Anglican mission station on Goodenough Bay in Milne Bay, in what was then the Australian-administered Territory of Papua. On the evenings of June 26–27, 1959, missionary Rev. William Gill and up to 38 mission staff, teachers, and villagers watched a disc-shaped craft with humanoid figures on its upper deck hover nearby for nearly four hours, with several witnesses reporting the figures waved back when the group waved at them.

A tropical banana- and cane-farming district in Australia's far-north Queensland, renowned for the highest average rainfall of any town in the country. On the morning of January 19, 1966, banana farmer George Pedley watched a grey, saucer-shaped object rise from the reeds of Horseshoe Lagoon near Euramo and depart at high speed, leaving behind a clockwise-swirled mat of flattened reeds — the first of more than twenty documented "saucer nests" recorded at the same lagoon through 1990.

The world's busiest airport in 2006, where on November 7 of that year roughly a dozen United Airlines mechanics, ramp crew, and supervisors reported a dark gray metallic disc hovering silently over Gate C17 in Concourse C before punching a clean hole through the overcast as it departed — a case that stayed out of the mainstream press until the Chicago Tribune's January 2007 story, after which a Freedom of Information Act request led the FAA to find a United employee's call on its own tower tapes.

The Midwest's largest metropolis, home to O'Hare International Airport and, in November 2006, the O'Hare sighting, first publicized through reports that United Airlines employees filed with the National UFO Reporting Center. More than a century earlier, in April 1897, crowds watched for the light of the great 1896-97 mystery airship wave over several nights — though Rogers Park newsdealer Walter McCann's claimed photograph of the airship was exposed as a hoax within days (Boston Globe, April 15, 1897).

Seat of Erath County and self-proclaimed "Cowboy Capital of the World," home to Tarleton State University, about 100 miles southwest of Dallas and 60 miles southwest of Fort Worth, just northeast of the Brownwood Military Operating Area. Site of the January 8, 2008 mass sighting in which dozens of residents, including pilot Steve Allen, reported brilliant, silent lights that some described as one huge object; the Air Force Reserve later said ten F-16s had been training in the MOA that evening.

A small Erath County town about 10 miles southwest of Stephenville, at the northeast corner of the Brownwood Military Operating Area (per MUFON's 2008 report). Constable Lee Roy Gaitan watched the January 8, 2008 lights from his home near Dublin, and machinist Ricky Sorrells reported an earlier close-range sighting over the pasture behind his Dublin-area home. MUFON's public hearing on the sightings was held at the town's Rotary Club hall on January 19, 2008.

A 1,583-acre working ranch near Crawford, Texas that President George W. Bush used as a "Western White House" throughout his presidency, under permanent Prohibited Area P-49 (created 2001) and larger temporary flight restrictions during presidential visits. About 60 miles southeast of Stephenville, it became a focal point of the January 2008 Stephenville Lights case after MUFON investigators reported a slow, transponder-less radar track heading toward it for over an hour (6:51–8:00 p.m.). The president was not at the ranch that night; he left that evening for a Middle East trip.

Departure point of American Airlines Flight 139, the DC-6B captained by Peter W. Killian that left Newark Airport at 7:10 PM on February 24, 1959, bound for Detroit, roughly seventy minutes before Killian spotted three unidentified lights over central Pennsylvania.

Roughly 13 miles east-southeast of where Capt. Peter W. Killian first spotted three color-shifting lights off his DC-6B's left wingtip at about 8:20 PM on February 24, 1959 (8:45 PM, near Bradford, in his own statement), while cruising at 8,500 feet on a heading of 285 degrees true — the opening location of a sighting that would go on to be corroborated across two states.

On-duty air traffic control tower personnel here independently reported observing the same three lights at 8:40 PM on February 24, 1959, the same moment corroborating airborne witnesses were tracking the objects along the nearby Youngstown corridor — ground-based confirmation later used by NICAP to triangulate against, and ultimately dispute, the Air Force's refueling-mission explanation.

United Airlines Flight 937, captained by A. D. Yates, watched three lights from near Lock Haven, Pennsylvania until this area between about 8:40 and 9:10 PM on February 24, 1959; near Warren, Ohio, the lights crossed in front of the airliner and disappeared to the northwest.

The general vicinity the U.S. Air Force cited in its March 16, 1959 explanation for the Killian sighting (March 20 in Hall's NICAP account), attributing the reported lights to a KC-97/B-47 aerial refueling mission at roughly 17,000 feet. NICAP investigators disputed the explanation on geographic grounds, noting Bradford lies north of the witnesses' reported flight paths while every observer that night placed the lights to the south.

One of the two American Airlines crews Capt. Peter W. Killian radioed for confirmation on February 24 also reported observing the three lights from about 20 miles northeast of Sandusky.

About eight residents here reported the lights at about 9:15 PM on February 24, 1959; the Akron UFO Research Committee heard of the sighting by telephone from the pilot of United Flight 937, bound for Akron. Civilian investigator George Popowitch, who ran the Akron-based UFO Research Committee, compiled these ground statements alongside the airline crews' accounts into a report issued February 24, 1960.

Scheduled destination of American Airlines Flight 139, which landed here at 10:52 PM on February 24, 1959, roughly ninety minutes after the three unidentified lights faded from Capt. Peter W. Killian's view over central Pennsylvania.

A city in Italy's Veneto region, roughly 30 km north of Venice, flanked by two Italian Air Force installations — Treviso-Sant'Angelo Airport and Istrana Air Base. The restricted airspace near the town of Quinto di Treviso, between the two bases, was the site of Giancarlo Cecconi's radar-guided intercept and photographic encounter with an unidentified cylindrical object on June 18, 1979.

Brazil's largest city and the epicenter of the May 19–20, 1986 "Official Night of UFOs," whose radar-visual wave centered on the industrial Paraíba Valley corridor between São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Ground radar at São José dos Campos Airport and Guarulhos control first logged the unidentified targets that would eventually prompt two Brazilian Air Force bases to scramble fighters.

An airport in the São Paulo aerospace-industry city of São José dos Campos, home to Embraer's own headquarters. Its control tower, staffed that night by Sergeant Sérgio Mota da Silva, was the very first station to detect and report the color-changing lights that opened the events of May 19, 1986, and the source of the incident's enduring "flying saucer festival" radio call.

A remote lead-zinc-boron mining town in the Sikhote-Alin mountains of the Russian Far East, founded in 1897 as Tetyukhe and renamed Dalnegorsk in 1973. On the evening of January 29, 1986, many residents watched a luminous reddish sphere cross the town and descend onto the adjacent hill known locally as Height 611 (Mount Izvestkovaya), where it burned for roughly an hour. Valeri Dvuzhilny's site visits and the laboratory analyses that followed (by his count, at eleven institutes and three academic centres, plus local industrial labs) were reported in the Soviet press from 1988 and earned the case the Western nickname "the Soviet Roswell." In May 1990 the town hosted the first joint meeting of Soviet and Chinese ufologists.

Capital of the Karelian ASSR, a lakeside industrial and port city of about 203,000 people (1974) on the northwestern shore of Lake Onega. On the pre-dawn morning of September 20, 1977, residents including police, paramedics, seamen and longshoremen reported a luminous, jellyfish-shaped object over the city, showering it with fine light beams in a display lasting about ten to fifteen minutes; night staff at Pulkovo Airport, about 300 km away in Leningrad, reported a related object. The event, investigated formally by the USSR Academy of Sciences, is conventionally attributed to the near-simultaneous launch of the Kosmos-955 satellite from the secret Plesetsk Cosmodrome roughly 350 km to the east-northeast, though several of the Soviet Union's own lead investigators never fully accepted that explanation.

A public park in the working-class Levoberezhny (Left Bank) industrial district of Voronezh, a major Soviet city roughly 300 miles south of Moscow, near the Novosibirskaya Street tram stop known locally as "Mashmet" after a nearby machine-tool plant. On the evening of September 27, 1989, schoolchildren — joined, according to the first newspaper account, by some forty unnamed adults — reported a glowing red sphere landing here and two to three tall humanoid entities and a small robot emerging before departing, in what became the Voronezh Landing, one of the only UAP incidents ever to receive an official acknowledgment from a national government's own state media (TASS, October 9, 1989). A multi-disciplinary city investigative commission led by Igor Surovtsev examined the site for two months and reported finding no confirmed physical anomaly.

Valencia's civil airport, roughly 170 km northeast of Los Llanos Air Base. On the night of November 11, 1979, TAE flight JK-297 diverted here for an emergency landing after intense red lights paced the aircraft near Ibiza. Ground staff, including the airport director, reported separate unidentified radar and visual contacts near the field as the aircraft landed, part of the Manises UFO Emergency Landing case.

A small farming village roughly 40 km west of Lublin, in the Vistula lowlands of eastern Poland. A forest clearing just outside the village is associated with farmer Jan Wolski's reported May 10, 1978 encounter and abduction — Poland's most famous alleged UFO case. A stone-and-steel memorial, erected in 2005 by the Nautilus Foundation, stands near the village (local researchers say not at the exact site) and is reportedly the first monument anywhere built specifically to commemorate an alleged alien abduction.

A principal Baltic naval and commercial port of Poland, built up from a fishing village after port construction began in 1921 (town rights 1926). In the pre-dawn hours of January 21, 1959, a burning object fell into the harbor's Basin No. IV, witnessed by named port workers and investigated by meteoriticist Jerzy Pokrzywnicki. The far more famous "recovered alien body" version of the story that later gave the case its "Poland's Roswell" nickname has never been traced to any Gdynia source at all.

Peru's second-largest city, in the high desert of the southern Andes roughly 55 km northeast of La Joya Air Base (computed from coordinates). The surrounding Arequipa Region gives the La Joya Air Base Incident its common name and is where a declassified June 1980 U.S. attaché cable to the Defense Intelligence Agency places a reported UFO sighting and SU-22 intercept, dated 9–10 May 1980.

A pottery-trade town of roughly 80,000 in the Piura Valley of northern Peru, seat of Morropón Province, known for ceramics made with techniques descended from the Vicús and Tallán cultures. On the evening of October 13, 2001, during the town's procession honoring the Señor Cautivo de Ayabaca, people in the streets reported orange lights over the town, later described as eight spheres moving for about two and a half hours and filmed by a local cameraman: the Chulucanas Incident, which investigator Anthony Choy describes as the first case studied by the Peruvian Air Force's Oficina de Investigación de Fenómenos Aéreos Anómalos (OIFAA). Follow-on sightings on October 25 and November 15, 2001 were reported nearer Cerro Pilán, a hill outside town that investigator Anthony Choy has since described as the region's recurring UFO "epicenter."

A rural hill in the countryside outside Chulucanas, Peru, long associated in local legend with lost people and livestock and with "balls of fire" that local people told Choy pass between it and Cerro Vicús. Investigator Anthony Choy designated it the geographic "epicenter" of the wider Chulucanas Incident sighting wave after tracing follow-on October 25 and November 15, 2001 sightings, and later a 55-minute August 2004 filmed event, to its immediate vicinity.

A highland provincial capital in northern Peru's Piura Region, near the Ecuadorian border, home to the venerated image of the Señor Cautivo de Ayabaca, whose making tradition dates to 1751. Every October, thousands of pilgrims travel to Ayabaca, and other towns hold their own processions — including the one in Chulucanas that was underway when the Chulucanas Incident began on October 13, 2001. In 2013, Peru's Ministry of Culture declared the festivity part of the nation's intangible cultural heritage.

Ontario's largest northern city and a major nickel-mining center, 14 miles south of CFS Falconbridge. In the pre-dawn hours of November 11, 1975, Sudbury Regional Police officers reported hovering and circling lights and a cylinder-shaped object over the area, and chased the lights by car, corroborating the radar and visual sightings unfolding at the NORAD station to the north during the CFS Falconbridge incident.

Twin Gold Rush boomtowns in the Sierra Nevada foothills, Columbia alone holding an estimated 15,000–20,000 residents at its 1850s peak. The claimed setting of the Sonora Aero Club, a secret airship-building society described only in the posthumous notebooks of Charles Dellschau, decades after the 1850–1858 period in which he placed it here. No 1850s newspaper, land, court, or church record from either town corroborates the club's existence, and genealogical research has been unable to confirm Dellschau himself lived here during the claimed period.

A rural hamlet in the Town of Kent, Putnam County, where a retired police officer reported the first widely documented sighting of a huge, silent, V-shaped array of lights just before midnight on New Year's Eve, 1982 — the traditional starting point of the Hudson Valley UFO Wave. Over the following years the same low, slow-moving formation was reported by thousands of witnesses across Putnam, Westchester, and Dutchess Counties and into western Connecticut, concentrated along the nearby Taconic State Parkway corridor.

A Putnam County village along Interstate 84, among the most frequently overflown sites of the Hudson Valley UFO Wave. Government employee Dennis Sant reported one of the case's earliest detailed sightings here on March 17, 1983, a week before the large March 24 flap, and resident Bob Pozzuoli captured amateur video of the light formation over the village on July 24, 1984 — footage Imbrogno said "photographic experts" could not identify.

A Westchester County town along the Taconic State Parkway corridor that became one of the epicenters of the Hudson Valley UFO Wave. On the night of March 24, 1983, after the Yorktown Police Department switchboard had logged over a hundred calls about lights in the sky, on-duty officer Kevin Soravilla watched a huge, silent, V-shaped array of colored lights pass low over Route 118 near the Triangle Shopping Center before banking sharply and speeding off — one of the case's most cited law-enforcement sightings.

A nuclear power plant on the east bank of the Hudson River, about 35 miles north of Manhattan. According to investigator Philip Imbrogno, plant security guards on the nights of June 14 and July 24, 1984 saw a huge, boomerang-shaped formation of lights hover over the reactor complex for about fifteen minutes, an incident central to the Hudson Valley UFO Wave. The guards are not named. The New York Power Authority disputed parts of the account, and in November 1984 the Nuclear Regulatory Commission told a Citizens Against UFO Secrecy FOIA requester that "there are no documents pertaining to your request."

A small North Texas farming community roughly thirty miles northwest of Fort Worth, in acute economic decline after an 1888–89 spotted fever epidemic and an 1891 railroad bypass. On April 17, 1897, correspondent S.E. Haydon reported a cigar-shaped "airship" crashed into Judge J.S. Proctor's windmill here and its non-human pilot was buried in the town cemetery — a story the Texas State Historical Association's own history of the town calls "fictional," and which the town's historian, Etta Pegues, told Time in 1979 was written as a joke to bring interest to the dying community. The Aurora Cemetery's 1976 Texas Historical Commission marker references the tale as local legend.

California's state capital, where, on the evening of November 17, 1896, hundreds of residents watched a bright, elongated light with a vague dark shape behind it move slowly across the sky at an estimated 1,000 feet — the opening sighting of the 1896-97 "mystery airship" wave. The light reportedly reappeared on November 21, with the city's deputy sheriff and district attorney among the observers; one restaurant owner said a night glass showed a dark object above the light. San Francisco attorney George D. Collins's short-lived claim to represent the craft's secret inventor originated from this same sighting days later.

A small Coffey County farm town near which rancher Alexander Hamilton owned property, close to his working ranch across the county line in Woodson County's Everett Township, where his widely publicized April 19, 1897 "cattle lasso" airship story was set. Admitted in 1943 by the 1897 newspaper editor as "the airship story that we made up," and publicized as a liars'-club tall tale by Jerome Clark in 1977, the Hamilton case remains the wider 1896-97 mystery airship wave's single most thoroughly documented confirmed hoax.

Kansas's state capital, where several hundred residents — including newly inaugurated Governor John W. Leedy — reportedly watched a slow-moving "blood red light" cross the night sky in late March 1897 (reported March 28), one of the wider mystery airship wave's more credibly witnessed Kansas sightings and a striking contrast with the state's own contemporaneous Alexander Hamilton hoax.

Northwest Iowa city whose residents watched for the "air ship" every evening in late March 1897, and near which farmer Robert Hibbard later claimed to have been dragged by an airship's trailing anchor, as the mystery airship wave's second, larger phase spread east from Nebraska into Iowa, ahead of the much larger April burst across Illinois, Kansas, and Texas.

Neighboring towns in the upper Sacramento Valley, Tehama County — Corning an agricultural community known for olive production, Red Bluff the county seat roughly nineteen miles to the north. On Hoag Road east of Corning, on the night of August 13, 1960, California Highway Patrol officers Charles A. Carson and Stanley Scott watched an object reverse a near-ground dive, hover, and sweep their patrol car with a red beam. The radar operator at Red Bluff Air Force Station (859th Radar Squadron, SAGE), contacted through the Tehama County Sheriff's Office, confirmed an unidentified target by telephone; the next day the station denied it and refused the officers access to him. Deputies who drove to Los Molinos also saw the object. An earlier, unconnected Blue Book "unknown" was logged at Red Bluff by Ground Observer Corps observer Albert Lathrop on August 19, 1952.

A vast alkali playa in the Carson Desert of Churchill County, the ancient lakebed remnant of Pleistocene-era Lake Lahontan, roughly 32 miles long and bounded by the West Humboldt and Stillwater ranges. On July 24, 1952, at 3:40 PM MST, Lt. Cols. John L. McGinn and John R. Barton, flying a B-25 bomber at 11,000 feet along the Green 3 federal airway, saw three objects they first took for F-86s turn out to be silver, tailless deltas that made a slight left bank and crossed in front of and above the bomber at 400–800 yards, in three to four seconds. Blue Book found no logged traffic, deltas or balloons nearby and carried it as “Unknown” (case #1584); Edward J. Ruppelt used it as his example of a good report with an unknown conclusion.

A small farming town in Calhoun County, roughly forty miles from Jimmy Carter's hometown of Plains. On the evening of January 6, 1969, Carter — then a private citizen between political offices — and roughly ten fellow Lions Club members watched a bright, color-changing light in the western sky while waiting outdoors for a meeting to begin. Carter formally reported the sighting to the International UFO Bureau in 1973 while serving as Governor of Georgia; later research points to a rocket-launched chemical cloud from Eglin Air Force Base, roughly 234 km to the west-southwest, as the likely source.

The northernmost and third-largest of the Channel Islands, a self-governing dependency within the Bailiwick of Guernsey lying roughly ten miles off the Normandy coast. On the afternoon of April 23, 2007, Aurigny Air Services captain Ray Bowyer, flying a scheduled Trislander service toward the island, watched two huge, stationary, bright yellow-gold objects hovering at roughly 2,000 feet over the open sea corridor between Alderney, Guernsey, and Sark. A second airline captain, Patrick Patterson, independently reported a matching sighting from a separate aircraft on an unrelated route minutes later. Jersey's radar recorded no reliable corroborating contact, and the Ministry of Defence's file on the case was eventually released to the National Archives as record DEFE 24/2081/1.

Seat of the Archdiocese of Lyon, where Archbishop Agobard wrote De Grandine et Tonitruis ("On Hail and Thunder") around 815–817 CE, attacking popular belief in tempestarii weather-magicians and sky-ships from a cloud-country called Magonia. It was here, per Agobard's own account, that a crowd nearly stoned four people believed to have fallen from one of the Magonian ships before he intervened — the episode Jacques Vallée later named Passport to Magonia after.

A Frankish hillfort overlooking the Ruhr valley, refortified by Charlemagne in 775 during the Saxon Wars. The Annales regni Francorum (Royal Frankish Annals) record that during a Saxon siege in 776 CE, defenders and besiegers alike reported "the likeness of two shields, red in colour and flaming," moving above the fortress church — a sign the annals credit with routing the attackers. The site is generally identified with the ruined hilltop fortress known today as Hohensyburg, in the Dortmund district of Syburg.

Ruined Cistercian abbey, settled in 1177, in whose library a manuscript now catalogued as British Library Royal MS 15 A XX once sat — the volume in which an anonymous monk recorded twelve genuine Latin ghost stories around 1400 CE, published by M.R. James in 1922. The abbey's name is also, inaccurately, attached in popular UFO literature to a fabricated 1953 "silver disc" hoax that actually originated at nearby Ampleforth.

A small peninsula city bounded by Pensacola Bay and Santa Rosa Sound, incorporated in 1961. Home of building contractor Ed Walters, whose reported November 1987 – May 1988 Polaroid photographs of a hovering craft, first published anonymously in the local Gulf Breeze Sentinel, touched off one of ufology's most famous and most contested photographic cases — and one of its most thoroughly documented hoax exposures after a matching foam model was recovered from Walters's former home in 1990.

A small seaside resort village on the southeastern shore of St Bride's Bay in Pembrokeshire, southwest Wales, roughly seven miles from Haverfordwest. On February 4, 1977, fifteen children at Broad Haven Primary School reported a silver, domed object and a suited figure in a field beside their playground — the opening event of the wider 1977 "Broad Haven Triangle" / "Dyfed Triangle" wave that spread across the surrounding coast over the following months.

An isolated coastal smallholding near St Ishmaels, occupied in 1977 by the Coombs family, roughly four miles from Broad Haven. In 1977 the family reported hovering lights, a seven-foot silver-suited figure at a farmhouse window (April 23–24), and unexplained cattle relocations — the most extensively documented later chapter of the wider "Broad Haven Triangle" wave that followed the Broad Haven Primary School sighting.

A Royal Air Force airfield, with a neighbouring US Naval Facility, about seven miles north of Broad Haven, active throughout the 1977 Pembrokeshire UFO wave. Flt Lt Cowan of RAF Brawdy investigated Rosa Granville's April 1977 report and compared the figures' suits to refinery fire suits. No declassified record ties any RAF Brawdy radar contact or aircraft movement to the Broad Haven Primary School sighting; the base is noted in the case's record chiefly as background context for the area's real defense infrastructure.

A subprefecture town of roughly 11,000 people at the foot of the Pyrénées in southwest France. On October 17, 1952, schoolteacher Yves Prigent and dozens of townspeople watched a tilted cylinder and some thirty luminous red spheres shed a white, cotton-like fiber over the town's rooftops and telephone wires — the sighting that gave the modern UFO-adjacent "angel hair" phenomenon its most famous case name, repeated ten days later at Gaillac.

A wine-growing town of roughly 16,000 on the Tarn river, some 135 miles (217 km) east-north-east of Oloron-Sainte-Marie. On October 27, 1952 — ten days after the Oloron sighting — residents including Mme Dore and the Corbières family watched shimmering discs and a whitish flying cylinder, after which white threads like glass wool fell over the town and turned gelatinous, an almost exact repeat of the Oloron event that remains one of the best contemporaneously documented angel hair cases on record.

A village on Cardiff's north-western fringe, at the foot of Garth Mountain, where witness Caz Clarke reported a huge pyramid of lights over nearby fields in the early hours of February 26, 2016, followed by military helicopters and two loud explosions. The Ministry of Defence attributed the night's activity to Exercise Chameleon; archived NOTAMs independently place a real helicopter and parachute-jump exercise centered near neighboring Llantrisant for the exact overnight window.

A 307-metre hill (locally "Garth Mountain," Welsh Mynydd y Garth) between Pentyrch and Llantwit Fardre, visible from most of Cardiff and the Taff Valley. The fields at its base are where Caz Clarke and a neighbor reported the pyramid-shaped light formation of the Pentyrch UFO Incident on February 26, 2016.

An old market town about 7 km west-north-west of Pentyrch. Archived UK NOTAMs place both a helicopter exercise and a high-altitude Parachute Jump Exercise, both named Exercise Chameleon, centered almost exactly on Llantrisant for the overnight window of February 25–26, 2016. Llantrisant Forest (locally "Smilog Wood"), a Natural Resources Wales-managed woodland on the town's outskirts, is also the site of the case's disputed tree-damage claim.

A densely built inner-ring industrial suburb almost entirely surrounded by Cincinnati, home in 1949 to roughly 35,000 residents and to Sts. Peter and Paul Church (today Holy Trinity Church, 2420 Drex Avenue). An Army-surplus searchlight purchased for the parish's August 1949 Jitney Carnival caught and held a glowing disc in its beam — the first of ten sightings over the following seven months, the Norwood Searchlight Incident, witnessed by the parish pastor, a Norwood police sergeant, the city's mayor, and a Cincinnati newspaper's managing editor.

A rural town on Gran Canaria's northern coast, where Dr. Francisco Padrón León, a physician from neighboring Guía, was visiting a patient at Las Rosas on the night of June 22, 1976; his account of a close encounter there became the signature "flying saucer" detail of the wider, far more mundane Gando Air Base / Canary Islands UFO sighting witnessed simultaneously across the islands. A damaged onion field near Piso Firme, noticed two days later, was found by the Spanish Air Force's own investigator to have been crushed as part of normal cultivation.

A reservoir on the Dyje river, completed in 1934 and one of South Moravia's most popular inland recreation destinations, a few kilometers from the Austrian border. On July 12, 1987, a Czechoslovak Mi-24D Hind gunship crewed by Captain Čestmír Tesařík, Ivan Pospíchal, and Milan Šero was ordered to shoot down an unidentified cigar-shaped object over the crowded reservoir, the encounter documented in The Vranov nad Dyjí Helicopter Incident; the crew could not bring it into the gunsight, and firing over the swimmers below was impossible in any case.

An active, horseshoe-shaped volcanic island whose flooded caldera, Port Foster, once hosted Argentine, Chilean, and British research and naval stations within a few kilometers of one another. In June–July 1965, personnel at all three bases independently reported the luminous objects described in this site's Deception Island Sightings, including a 62-minute observation seen at different moments by 17 Argentine and Chilean witnesses.

Site of Argentina's Orcadas Base, about 870 kilometers east-northeast of Deception Island. On July 3, 1965, two meteorologists here observed a bluish-white object on a 15-second parabolic path, and the Argentine Navy's Bulletin #172 claimed two magnetometers recorded sudden disturbances at the same moment, a claim the Deception Island commander, Daniel Perisse, later said he could not vouch for. See this site's Deception Island Sightings file. A separate August 1965 sighting here reported four objects in formation over Uruguay Bay.

A mountain range on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, named the Humboldt Range by Russian explorer Nikolai Przhevalsky during his 19th-century Central Asian expeditions. "Kukunor" was then also the name of the wider Kokonor (Qinghai) region, not only the lake. Nicholas Roerich's Central Asian Expedition spent the summer of 1927 in the Sharagolji valley of the Tsaidam, below the Ulan Davan pass "under the ridge named after Humboldt," according to Roerich's diary and George Roerich's Trails to Inmost Asia. Roerich's diary places the sighting "in the Kukunor district not far from the Humboldt Chain." The map pin is approximate. See the Roerich Expedition Sighting case file.

A peak in the Santa Lucia Range about 110 miles up the coast from Vandenberg Air Force Base, chosen by the Air Force's 1369th Photographic Squadron as a long-baseline camera site for tracking Atlas missile reentry-vehicle tests. Here, in September 1964, at a site at about 3,400 feet on a Forest Service fire trail near the summit, officer Robert Jacobs's crew operated the telescope/image-orthicon rig at the center of the Vandenberg AFB Missile Disabling Incident.

A Baltimore municipal water-supply reservoir and dam on the Big Gunpowder Falls in Baltimore County, Maryland, built 1912–1914. On the night of October 26, 1958, witnesses Alvin Cohen and Phillip Small reported a glowing egg-shaped object hovering over one of the reservoir's bridges, during which their car's entire electrical system failed — the central event of the Loch Raven Dam UFO Incident. The reservoir has also drawn a string of poorly documented reports, one earlier (1953) and others in 1978, 1983, 1996 and 2000, known mainly from a 2019 UFO Insight article.

A small town (6,870 residents at the 2001 census) four miles west of Falkirk, central Scotland, sitting at the heart of the so-called Falkirk Triangle, whose limits vary from source to source. Since businessman James Walker's January 1992 sighting, local councillor Billy Buchanan and researcher Malcolm Robinson have logged an ongoing stream of reports that earned the town the nickname "UFO capital of Scotland" — the subject of the Bonnybridge UFO Wave case file.

A market town of roughly 18,000 people on the western edge of Salisbury Plain, southwest Wiltshire, adjoining the Army's Battlesbury Barracks and the Salisbury Plain Training Area. From Christmas Day 1964, residents including Marjorie Bye reported unexplained noises; by mid-1965 the phenomenon, chronicled by journalist Arthur Shuttlewood and, by his own account, photographed by Gordon Faulkner (a picture the Daily Mirror's own experts doubted), had expanded into a decade-long national UFO sensation known as the Warminster Thing, drawing thousands of sky-watchers to nearby Cradle Hill and Cley Hill.

The Orange County seat, adjoining the former Marine Corps Air Station El Toro. On August 3, 1965, county road department employee Rex E. Heflin photographed a hat-shaped metallic object on Myford Road, about half a mile outside El Toro's perimeter by Ann Druffel's account and near the smaller Marine Corps Air Facility at Santa Ana by the Condon Report's, producing the four Polaroid images at the center of the Rex Heflin UFO Photographs case — among the most extensively re-examined UFO photographs in American ufology.

A small Norman commune immediately adjacent to Évreux Air Base 105, which shares its name in the base's official designation. The nearby air base's duty officer and lookout personnel reported the same fading red light here on the night of April 23, 1978, in the case GEPAN investigated as the Fauville-Évreux Radar Sighting.

A small commune roughly 36 kilometers southwest of Toulouse — GEIPAN's own home department — where a single witness reported a 20-second, five-phase sequence of transforming lights on the night of July 8, 2018, investigated at length in The Sainte-Foy-de-Peyrolières Five-Phase Sighting.

A commune of about 4,800 people roughly 18 kilometers north-northeast of Pontoise, in the Oise department, where on the night of April 24, 2014 a retired couple in one of its hamlets saw a silent, flame-fringed orange light pass their conservatory; the husband reported that it hovered and revealed a grey triangle (GEIPAN class D1), investigated in The Bornel Conservatory Fireball.

A farming commune of roughly 2,700 residents just south of Vitré, in the bocage countryside of inland Brittany. At about 11:07 PM on June 1, 2014, two on-duty gendarmes driving through the commune's Le Piquet industrial zone saw two lights nearly overhead vanish at very high speed within a second or two (one of them also perceived a dark mass), a case GEIPAN classified as unexplained and examined in The Étrelles High-Speed Object.

A commune of roughly 7,500 people at the heart of its namesake peninsula on Finistère's Atlantic coast, a canton seat in the arrondissement of Châteaulin, with the Île Longue ballistic-missile submarine base within its territory. At 7:48 a.m. on January 13, 2020, in darkness and a storm, a driver on a rural road south of the town watched three identical red rectangular lights move along the road, stop near a junction for about thirty seconds, then leave south and vanish into the sky — investigated by GEIPAN (class D1) in The Crozon Peninsula Red Rectangles.

A small farming commune of roughly 310 residents a few kilometers from Luxeuil-les-Bains and the BA116 Mirage 2000 air base. At dusk on November 26, 2019, a married couple driving separate cars home from Vesoul both saw a large, silent, dark triangle low over the village. GEIPAN found a Robin DR400 landing at nearby BA116 passing over the village at about the same time, but could not reconcile it with the shape and size described, and classed the case D1; investigated in The Villers-lès-Luxeuil Triangle.

A small farming commune of roughly 300 residents on the Haute-Saône plateau, partly overlapping the former NATO dispersal airfield of Aérodrome de Lure – Malbouhans (BA184). On the night of May 30, 1989, three men on a night anti-poaching watch — a national hunting warden, a trainee warden and a student — watched a triangle of three flashing lights hover, climb almost out of sight, return, show a red light at its center, and leave in zigzags, then contrasted the silent lights with an audible Mirage (a Jaguar in GEIPAN's summary) that flew over ten minutes later, investigated in The Neuvelle-lès-Lure Gamekeepers' Sighting.

A dense suburban commune of roughly 18,600 residents immediately east of Roubaix within the Lille metropolitan area. On the evening of December 16, 2022, a dog-walker observed three reddish, ring-shaped lights arranged in a triangle drift silently across the sky before disappearing in place, investigated in The Hem Ring-Light Triangle.

A sub-prefecture of roughly 40,000 residents on the Scarpe river, home to the UNESCO-listed Beffroi de Douai and the Maison d'Arrêt de Douai remand prison. On the evening of March 27, 2022, a woman stargazing in her garden a few hundred meters from the prison watched a sharp-edged, pinkish-orange triangle with yellow lights pass silently over her roof, investigated in The Douai Prison-Adjacent Sighting.

A small crossroads commune of roughly 3,450 residents on the historic Paris-to-Spain road corridor in Charente, once a center of French Resistance activity moving downed Allied airmen toward the Spanish border. On the evening of September 13, 2022, a resident in his garden watched a white point of light retrace the same arc across the sky some 20 to 30 times over five minutes, investigated in The Ruffec Repeating Light Arc.

A coastal Breton commune of roughly 3,500 residents on the Baie de La Forêt, home to the Port-la-Forêt marina. Before dawn on December 10, 2018, a driver on her own farm lane watched a silent yellow "electric bar" with a fluorescent-green center light turn to face her and hover before departing, investigated in The Forêt-Fouesnant Electric Bar.

A small farming commune of roughly 140 residents in the Orne countryside. In the small hours of June 3, 2020, three friends around a garden bonfire at a holiday home watched two matching bluish lights, wrapped in a halo, cross the sky in total silence before vanishing behind a line of poplars, investigated in The Aunay-les-Bois Triple-Witness Sighting.

A farming commune on the Lévézou plateau. On September 12, 1996, a mother and daughter driving the CD911 out of town toward Pont-de-Salars watched a silent, car-sized craft with an ovoid skirt, a domed cylinder, and a rotating green light hover roughly four meters above the ground, investigated in The Flavin Domed Cylinder Sighting (formerly catalogued by GEIPAN as "Pont-de-Salars").

The Aveyron prefecture and largest nearby town, about 7 kilometers north-northwest of Flavin, notable for its Gothic cathedral. The daughter-witness in The Flavin Domed Cylinder Sighting (1996) recorded that the object disappeared in the direction of Rodez cathedral.

A densely populated inner Paris suburb straddling both banks of the Seine, named for Louis XV's 1739 purchase of the royal Château de Choisy, of which only scattered remnants survive. On the evening of May 21, 2012, a motorist stopped at a red light watched a stationary, porthole-lit cylindrical object surrounded by an orange glow hover above the road, then ascend, morph into an inverted V, turn white, and vanish into cloud — the case investigated in this site's Choisy-le-Roi Shape-Shifting Object file, whose own GEIPAN investigation explicitly rejected a novelty balloon as unable to account for the reported transformation.

A small commune of roughly 1,800 at the edge of the Forêt de l'Isle-Adam, some 30 kilometers north of Paris, whose seigneurial châtellenie dates to 1286 and whose château later passed to the Talleyrand-Périgord family. On June 29, 2012, a dog-walker watched a large white object hover silently over a nearby field at dawn before tilting and departing at speed — the case investigated in this site's Maffliers Dawn Object file, whose own GEIPAN investigation, despite finding the sighting extremely similar to a sunrise seen through cloud, could not reconcile a 54-degree directional discrepancy its own field verification ruled out as estimation error.

A commune of roughly 14,400 on Mulhouse's eastern edge, home to the Musée du Papier Peint and to part of Habsheim aerodrome, a flying field since at least 1909 (Aviatik) and the site of the 1988 Air France Flight 296Q crash. On the night of July 26, 2009, a witness tracked a point of light that appeared to lose continuity, turn toward the aerodrome, and accelerate silently overhead — the case investigated in this site's Rixheim Course-Changing Light file, whose own GEIPAN investigation checked and eliminated a regional aircraft radar trace, Jupiter's position, and a real satellite pass.

The historic prefecture of the Charente department, a city of nearly 42,000 built on a plateau above a meander of the Charente river and nicknamed "the balcony of the southwest," home since 1974 to one of the world's largest comics festivals. At 1:15 PM on August 15, 2009, a lone witness in his garden watched a matte brown, ovoid object cross the sky in complete silence, clearing the surrounding rooftops on a straight path toward Cognac — the case investigated in this site's Angoulême Daylight Ovoid file, whose own GEIPAN investigation excluded four close-range objects and raised, but could never confirm without a second witness, a Perseid-period meteorite entry.

A Catalan Roussillon village of roughly 3,300 whose name means "Palace of Glass," after the Templar-era glassworks established there in the 13th century. Early on a morning in late October 2008, two colleagues beginning their delivery round watched a bright light resolve into an enormous black triangle with a fixed red light, passing over the village at walking speed in total silence, with no position or anti-collision lights reported — the case investigated in this site's Palau-del-Vidre Black Triangle file, whose own GEIPAN investigation excluded Saturn as the preceding light and said its investigation had considerably reinforced the case's consistency.

A Mediterranean coastal town on the Roussillon plain, between which and Argelès-sur-Mer the two witnesses in The Palau-del-Vidre Black Triangle (2008) first spotted a bright point of light over the sea, before it resolved into the black triangular object they tracked inland to Palau-del-Vidre.

A small Corbières wine-country village of about 560 residents at the northern edge of the limestone massif linking the Massif Central to the Pyrenees, roughly 9 kilometers from Carcassonne. Between May 25 and 28, 1995, a couple watched a large, dark, silent object resembling a helicopter hover over their house and sweep the ground with light beams before departing — the case investigated in this site's Fontiès-d'Aude Health-Effects Case file, whose own GEIPAN investigation left the object itself unexplained while finding no link between it and the reported health and plant effects.

Capital of the New Hebrides, then a joint Anglo-French Condominium, on a natural harbor on Efate Island's coast; the territory became independent as Vanuatu in 1980. On the evening of June 7, 1978, three fishermen aboard a boat off the coast watched a silent craft emitting colored flames approach along the shoreline before abruptly reversing and vanishing — the case investigated in this site's Port Vila Fishermen's Sighting file, the only entry in GEIPAN's catalogue filed under the New Hebrides ("National (VU)"); GEIPAN's other Pacific cases come from New Caledonia and French Polynesia.

A small farming commune of about a hundred residents in the Vosges, about 19 kilometers by road from Épinal, in a department whose forests still carried living memory of the 1944–45 Battle of the Vosges just 35 years before this sighting. On the evening of November 14, 1979, an off-duty French Air Force officer and his woman passenger watched two red-orange lights stabilize above nearby woods and extinguish one after another, followed 30 seconds later by a double “bang” the witness himself tentatively attributed to a high-altitude military patrol — the case investigated in this site's Circourt Air Force Officer Sighting file.

A commune in Corse-du-Sud whose old village sits beneath the granite spires of the Aiguilles de Bavella in the Alta Rocca, within the Parc naturel régional de Corse, and whose territory reaches the Tyrrhenian coast at Sainte-Lucie-de-Porto-Vecchio. At about 5:00 AM on August 28, 2014, a witness crossing a campsite near Sainte-Lucie watched, for about ten minutes, a huge dark circle with lights at its center, escorted by rows of smaller dark shapes, pass slowly and silently toward Sardinia — GEIPAN class D1, the case investigated in this site's Zonza Corsica Sighting file and the only class D among GEIPAN's twenty Corsican cases.

A village built along the line of Hadrian's Wall on the English shore of the Solway Firth, overlooking the tidal salt-marsh of Burgh Marsh where King Edward I died in 1307. On May 23, 1964, fireman Jim Templeton photographed his daughter here, producing the famous image at the center of this site's Solway Firth Spaceman Photograph file.

A former textile-mill town in the Calder Valley, historically straddling the Yorkshire–Lancashire border, overlooked by the Stoodley Pike Monument on the surrounding Pennine moors. In the early hours of November 28, 1980, on-duty constable Alan Godfrey reported a rotating, diamond-shaped object hovering over Burnley Road on the town's edge — the case investigated in this site's Todmorden Police Encounter file, during a wider 1980 Pennine UFO wave, five months after the unexplained death of Zigmund Adamski.

A small farming town atop the Sand Mountain plateau in Alabama's northeastern corner. On the night of February 10, 1989, police chief Junior Garmany and assistant chief Fred Works followed a light reported by a resident and then watched a large, silent object pass over them on County Road 43; officers from neighboring departments and more than fifty residents also reported lights and objects, the case investigated in this site's Fyffe, Alabama UFO Wave file. The Alabama Legislature proclaimed Fyffe the state's official "UFO Capital" that same year, an identity the town still celebrates every August with its own UFO Days festival.

A vast, high-altitude desert basin in south-central Colorado ringed by the Sangre de Cristo range, including Blanca Peak. On the Harry King family ranch roughly 17 miles northeast of Alamosa, a three-year-old Appaloosa mare was found mutilated on September 9, 1967, the case investigated in this site's Mutilation of Snippy the Horse file. The valley later developed one of North America's most concentrated reputations for sustained UFO and livestock-mutilation reports, extensively documented by investigator Christopher O'Brien.

A mid-sized industrial and port city on Long Island Sound. At his home on the since-demolished 784 Broad Street, Albert K. Bender founded the International Flying Saucer Bureau in 1952 and, in 1953, claimed a visit from three mysterious men in black that ended his UFO research — the case investigated in this site's Albert Bender & the Three Men in Black file, and the origin point of the "Men in Black" figure in UFO folklore.

A small, remote town (formally Santiago de Coyame, 709 inhabitants in 2010) founded in 1715 in the Chihuahuan Desert, about 70 km west-southwest of Ojinaga and the Presidio, Texas border crossing. The claimed site of an anonymously sourced 1974 UFO collision and covert recovery operation investigated in this site's Coyame, Mexico UFO Crash Claim file. The wider Ojinaga region, independent of that claim, was a drug-smuggling route in the 1970s and 1980s.

A planned "new town" roughly 35 km northwest of Paris, combining the historic settlement of Pontoise with newly built districts. The site of the November 1979 staged disappearance and reappearance of Franck Fontaine, investigated in this site's Cergy-Pontoise Abduction file — a case publicly confessed as a hoax by organizer Jean-Pierre Prévost in 1983 and judged not credible by GEPAN, France's official government UFO study body, whose successor GEIPAN calls it "une supercherie."

The major Missouri city directly across the Mississippi River from the "Metro-East" Illinois towns (Highland, Lebanon, Shiloh, Millstadt, Dupo, and O'Fallon among them) at the center of the January 2000 St. Clair County Triangle Sightings, roughly 20-30 miles east of downtown St. Louis.

A small lake in the old Robozero district of the Belozersk lands, ten versts from the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery's Loza estate, where on August 15, 1663 (Old Style) people gathered at the parish church for the Feast of the Dormition reportedly watched a great fire pass along the lake, vanish, and reappear twice over about an hour and a half — one of the oldest written accounts of an unidentified aerial phenomenon in Russian history, preserved in Ivan Rzhevsky's 1663 letter to the monastery. Coordinates are an approximate estimate (about 48 km southwest of Belozersk, per modern secondary sources); this site's own research could not independently verify a precise modern cartographic pinpoint under the lake's historical name.

A small West Otago township about seven kilometers north-west of Tapanui, beside the Pomahaka River, abandoned in the 1980s after severe floods in 1978 and 1980. Around noon on July 23, 1909, schoolchildren and at least one adult reported a cigar-shaped object over Kelso School, and, questioned singly by a visiting Otago Daily Times reporter five days later, produced drawings he described as strikingly consistent (one of the boys later denied having seen anything) — the daylight sighting at the center of this site's New Zealand Airship Wave of 1909 case file.

A small Otago coal-mining town about 65 kilometers south-west of Dunedin. On the night of July 11, 1909, several residents watched a light for about half an hour over the nearby Wangaloa Hills — the opening sighting of the New Zealand Airship Wave of 1909, whose main witness was named as John Boyd by the Bruce Herald on July 29, according to researcher Bryan Dickeson.

Otago's provincial capital and, in 1909, home to two competing daily newspapers, the Otago Daily Times and the Evening Star, whose rival coverage of the New Zealand Airship Wave of 1909 reached what one modern researcher called the equivalent of full front-page treatment by late July as the wave spread north from its Otago and Southland origins toward Gore and, eventually, the North Island.

A rural agricultural field outside the parish of Fatima, roughly 110 km north of Lisbon, where three shepherd children reported a series of 1917 apparitions and where, on October 13, 1917, a crowd estimated at 30,000 to 100,000 — including hostile secular press correspondents — witnessed the sun appear to spin and change color, the subject of this site's The Fatima Miracle of the Sun case file. The site is now home to the Sanctuary of Fatima, one of the largest Catholic pilgrimage complexes in the world.

A fortified hilltop city in the Judaean highlands and the religious center of Second Temple Judaism, besieged and destroyed by Roman forces under Titus in 70 CE at the end of the First Jewish-Roman War. In the years before the siege, the historian Josephus recorded chariots and armed troops seen among the clouds over the city, a sign independently echoed a generation later by the Roman historian Tacitus — the subject of this site's Josephus's Sky-Armies before the Fall of Jerusalem file.

The capital of the Roman Republic and later Empire, and the administrative and religious center through which the Roman state's formal prodigy-recording tradition operated. Pliny the Elder's Natural History records a burning shield crossing the sky at sunset in 86 BCE, the same consular year the seven-time consul Gaius Marius died in office — the subject of this site's Pliny's Burning Shields file. No specific location is given in the surviving text; Rome is the conventional assumption for undated Roman-era sky prodigies of this kind.

A bridge crossing the Tiber River roughly 3 km north of central Rome on the ancient Via Flaminia, site of the decisive October 312 CE battle in which Constantine defeated Maxentius for control of the Western Roman Empire. Constantine reportedly received a sign from the Christian God before the battle — described very differently by the near-contemporary historian Lactantius and, decades later, by Eusebius of Caesarea — the subject of this site's Constantine's Vision at the Milvian Bridge file.

A city in Thessaly, central Greece, site of the decisive August 9, 48 BCE battle in which Julius Caesar defeated Pompey the Great's much larger army, deciding the Roman civil war. Writing roughly 270 years later, the historian Cassius Dio recorded a catalog of omens — thunderbolts, an aerial fire, swarming bees — said to have preceded the battle, the subject of this site's Cassius Dio's Omens before Pharsalus file.

A major early medieval Irish monastic settlement founded around 544 CE by Saint Ciarán on the River Shannon. Irish annals of the 740s record ships seen in the air over Ireland; a 13th-century Norwegian text, the Konungs skuggsjá, later placed a fully elaborated version of that story here, at a church dedicated to Ciarán — the subject of this site's The Ship over Clonmacnoise file.

A tidal island monastery founded in 635 CE by Saint Aidan, sacked by Viking raiders on June 8, 793 CE in an attack widely regarded as marking the start of the Viking Age in Britain. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records "fiery dragons" and other sky-portents over Northumbria earlier that year, independently corroborated by letters the scholar Alcuin wrote within months of the raid — the subject of this site's The Fiery Dragons of 793 file.

A major city in the lake- and marsh-rich lower Yangtze delta of Jiangsu province, China. During the Jiayou era (1056–1063 CE) of the Song dynasty, a luminous "pearl" was reportedly seen recurring over the city and nearby lakes for more than a decade, recorded by the polymath Shen Kuo in his Dream Pool Essays — the subject of this site's Shen Kuo's Flying Pearl file.

A town in the Ardennes region of what is now northeastern France, part of the Merovingian Frankish kingdom of Austrasia in the 6th century CE. The historian Gregory of Tours recorded a portent seen in its vicinity: a cloud glowing bright with rays converging "as if it were a pavilion," narrowing to a "hood at the top" — the subject of this site's Gregory of Tours' Convergent Lights file.

A rural crossroads near Kingsland, Herefordshire, on the Welsh border, where Edward, Earl of March defeated a Lancastrian force under Jasper Tudor on 2 February 1461, a day (or, by some historians' reckoning, the day after) his mustered army reported watching three suns merge into one in the dawn sky — the subject of this site's The Three Suns of Mortimer's Cross file. A memorial obelisk erected in 1799 still marks the traditional battlefield.

A cathedral city on the Welsh border where Edward, Earl of March mustered his army at Widemarsh, a common just outside the city walls, before marching to the Battle of Mortimer's Cross. Near-contemporary chronicle sources place the famous parhelion — three suns merging into one — over the army at this muster, the subject of this site's The Three Suns of Mortimer's Cross file. Owen Tudor was captured in the rout and beheaded in the city's market square on 2 February 1461.

A Yorkshire town where, on 30 December 1460, a Lancastrian army killed Richard, Duke of York, his son Edmund, Earl of Rutland, and Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury at the Battle of Wakefield — the immediate background to this site's The Three Suns of Mortimer's Cross file, in which York's surviving son Edward turned a sky-omen witnessed weeks later into a rallying symbol of his father's and brother's memory.

A 512-acre private ranch bordering the Uintah and Ouray Reservation, where the Sherman family reported cattle mutilations and UFO sightings from 1994 to 1996. Later purchased by aerospace entrepreneur Robert Bigelow and investigated under the Defense Intelligence Agency’s roughly $22 million AAWSAP contract with Bigelow’s BAASS (late 2008–2011), work AARO later said the DIA “did not seek, nor specifically authorize” — the subject of this site's Skinwalker Ranch file.

A small, almost entirely Native American community and the tribal headquarters of the Jicarilla Apache Nation, in remote, rugged rangeland in New Mexico's far north. Between 1976 and 1979, New Mexico State Police officer Gabe Valdez personally investigated roughly 32 reported cattle mutilations in the surrounding district, work discussed in this site's Cattle Mutilation / Biological Sampling Hypothesis file. The area's remoteness, and separate contemporaneous rumors of an underground base beneath nearby Archuleta Mesa, also became entangled in the Air Force disinformation campaign this site's Kirtland AFB Sighting file documents.

Two small towns in rural, mountainous Colfax County, northeastern New Mexico, connected by U.S. Highway 64 through the forested Cimarron Canyon. On the evening of May 5, 1980, Myrna Hansen reported witnessing a UFO appear to lift a cow from a field somewhere along this stretch of highway while driving home to Eagle Nest, arriving roughly four hours later than expected — the missing-time report that, once explored through hypnotic regression arranged by Paul Bennewitz, became one of the direct sources feeding the later "Dulce Base" narrative associated with Dulce, roughly 100 to 125 miles to the west.

Two small towns in sparsely populated Union County, in the far northeastern corner of New Mexico, within FAA Albuquerque Air Route Traffic Control Center airspace. On February 21, 2021, the flight crew of American Airlines Flight 2292, cruising near 37,000 feet on a Cincinnati–Phoenix route passing almost directly overhead, radioed controllers to report "a long, cylindrical object that almost looked like a cruise missile type of thing" passing right over the top of them. A USAF playback request placed the aircraft at 36.58°N, 103.88°W, near Des Moines and west of Clayton.

Departure city for American Airlines Flight 2292, which departed Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport (CVG) on February 21, 2021 bound for Phoenix, Arizona, and reported a "long, cylindrical" unidentified object crossing its flight path roughly two-thirds of the way through the route, over northeastern New Mexico.

Scheduled destination of American Airlines Flight 2292, which landed safely at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport on February 21, 2021 after its crew radioed a report of an unidentified cylindrical object over New Mexico earlier in the flight. Not related to the separate, well-known 1997 Phoenix Lights mass sighting.

A low ridge overlooking the Catawba Valley, site of recurring unexplained lights documented since 1913 and investigated by the USGS (1913, 1922), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1977), and Appalachian State University (1985–present).

A small city in the Big Bend region of far West Texas, near which recurring unexplained lights have been reported over the Chihuahuan Desert floor since 1883. An official viewing platform on US Highway 90, built in 2003, remains a popular public attraction.

A mountain pass east of Marfa where cowhand Robert Reed Ellison recorded the earliest solid historical sighting of the Marfa Lights in 1883 while driving cattle, decades before automobiles existed in the region.

Australia's largest city, where resident Peter Khoury reported two separate encounters with humanoid entities in his home in July 1988 and July 1992, the latter yielding a hair sample later subjected to forensic DNA analysis — the subject of this site's Peter Khoury Sydney Abduction file.

A beachside town near Gosford on the NSW Central Coast that became the most closely investigated site of the 1918 Australian Mystery Aeroplane Scare, after reports including resident Lily Moir's led the NSW military district's Intelligence Section to send convalescing RFC officer Charles Kingsford Smith to investigate in May 1918 — during which he reported a flare-like light and a dark object from the beach that he thought was "a machine."

A rail town in Victoria's northwestern Mallee wheat belt, near the siding of Nyang where Police Constable Wright reported "two aeroplanes flying very high" on 21 March 1918 — the opening report of the 1918 Australian Mystery Aeroplane Scare, filed the same day Germany launched its Spring Offensive in France.

A dairying district on Corner Inlet opposite Wilsons Promontory, at the heart of South Gippsland — the single most report-dense region of the 1918 Australian Mystery Aeroplane Scare alongside neighboring Kongwak and Korumburra, and the destination Major-General J.G. Legge chose for one of the two armed reconnaissance aircraft dispatched on 20 April 1918 to hunt for the reported German raider aircraft.

Australia's wartime administrative and naval command center, from which the Navy Office and the Directorate of Military Intelligence tracked and ultimately debunked the 1918 Australian Mystery Aeroplane Scare, and home to the Point Cook aerodrome that supplied the search aircraft. Melbourne's own eastern and bayside suburbs — Kew, Hawthorn, Christmas Hills, and Brighton among them — generated numerous sighting reports of their own, decades before the city's Westall Melbourne suburb produced this site's separately filed Westall UFO Encounter of 1966.

A North Texas railroad town whose Denison Daily News, on January 25, 1878, reprinted from the Dallas Herald farmer John Martin's report of a fast-moving aerial object seen north of Dallas, "about the size of a large saucer" — among the earliest known uses of the term for an unidentified aerial object — the subject of this site's Denison, Texas 1878 "Saucer" Sighting file.

South Africa's administrative capital, where police at the Adriaan Vlok station in Erasmuskloof watched and videotaped a bright light, described as a glowing disc, for roughly 90 minutes on August 28, 1996, before a police helicopter chased it toward Cullinan in a response reported to involve some 200 police personnel — the subject of this site's Pretoria Police Station UFO Encounter file.

A roughly 1,000km basalt-and-quartzite escarpment forming much of the border between South Africa and Lesotho, called uKhahlamba ("barrier of spears") in Zulu, rising to 3,482m at Thabana Ntlenyana. The Natal Midlands foothills near Mooi River and Rosetta, at the range's eastern edge, were the family-farm home of meteorologist and pilot Elizabeth Klarer, whose claimed sightings on her farm's own "Flying Saucer Hill" beginning December 1954, and later claimed in-person contact with an entity she called Akon on the nearby high plateau of Cathkin Peak, are the subject of this site's Elizabeth Klarer & the "Akon" Contact file.

A subsidiary peak of Champagne Castle, about 3,150 m high (sources give 3,149–3,183 m), in the central Drakensberg, overlooking the Cathkin Park/Winterton area of the Natal Midlands. Elizabeth Klarer placed on the high plateau below this peak a claimed day-long rendezvous in April 1958 at which, she said, she conceived a child with an entity she called Akon — the central claimed location of this site's Elizabeth Klarer & the "Akon" Contact file.

Capital of Manipur, a state in India's northeast bordering Myanmar. On November 19, 2023, CISF security personnel at Bir Tikendrajit International Airport reported an unidentified object that, per the government, was white and moved southwards above the air traffic control tower, prompting a nearly three-hour suspension of flight operations and the scramble of two Indian Air Force Rafale jets — the subject of this site's Imphal Airport UFO Incident file.

The high-altitude airspace over Kazakhstan where a Tajik Air Boeing 747SP crew, led by chief pilot Ed Rhodes, observed an unidentified bright object for approximately 40 minutes on January 27, 1994 — the subject of this site's Tajik Air Pilots' Kazakhstan Sighting file.

The ice-covered Arctic waters where an F-22 Raptor shot down an unidentified cylindrical object on February 10, 2023; a multi-agency search of the sea ice recovered no debris before being abandoned — the subject of this site's 2023 Alaska High-Altitude Object Shootdown file.

A small city on the Ohio River in West Virginia's northern panhandle-adjacent Mason County, and the site of the November 1966–December 1967 "Mothman" wave that made it a defining case study of 20th-century American ufology. Journalist John Keel made repeated visits from New York to investigate, focusing much of his fieldwork on the abandoned World War II munitions site locals called the "TNT area" — today the Clifton F. McClintic Wildlife Management Area, roughly five miles north of town, built on the ruins of the former West Virginia Ordnance Works. Keel identified a specific, repeatable "Zone of Fear" within the TNT area's bunkers and concluded the town functioned as a "window area," a term he coined directly from this investigation in his 1970 book Operation Trojan Horse. The town's name became permanently linked to the case following the December 15, 1967 collapse of the nearby Silver Bridge, which Keel's later book The Mothman Prophecies (1975) framed as the wave's culmination.

Africa's highest peak, over which Capt. Jack Bicknell, Radio Officer Dennis Merrifield, and nine passengers aboard an East African Airways Lodestar watched a bullet-shaped metallic object hang motionless for roughly seventeen minutes on the morning of February 19, 1951, the subject of this site's Mount Kilimanjaro Cigar-Shaped UFO Sighting case file — a sighting backed by a statement signed immediately after landing by the radio officer and the passengers.

A small locality roughly two miles northeast of Baghdad, immediately adjacent to the ruins of ancient Ctesiphon, where Iraqi Antiquities Administration field staff excavated the small clay-and-metal jar assembly in 1936 that Wilhelm König would identify two years later as the subject of this site's Baghdad Battery file. The original excavation's context was poorly recorded, complicating later efforts to confirm the object's exact date and findspot conditions.

Iraq's premier archaeological museum, established in 1926, where Wilhelm König served as laboratory director and where the jars now known as the Baghdad Battery were catalogued and held for decades. The museum was extensively looted during the April 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq; the original battery jars went missing in the looting and have never been recovered. The museum reopened to the public in February 2015 after a twelve-year closure.

The imperial capital successively of the Parthian and Sasanian Empires for roughly nine centuries, sited on the Tigris a short distance southeast of Baghdad and immediately adjacent to the Khujut Rabu findspot of this site's Baghdad Battery file. A parallel German-American excavation at Ctesiphon itself in the early 1930s, involving Ernst Kühnel, recovered further sealed jar-and-cylinder assemblies interpreted as document containers. Its surviving Taq Kasra arch remains the world's largest single-span brick vault.

One of ancient Egypt's largest and longest-used necropoleis, in continuous use for burials across more than three millennia and home to the Step Pyramid of Djoser, sited just south of ancient Memphis. Egyptian Antiquities Service field staff excavated the Ptolemaic-era tomb of Pa-di-Imen here in 1898, recovering the small carved wooden bird figure that later became the subject of this site's Saqqara Bird file, after Khalil Messiha proposed in 1972 that it was an ancient glider model.

Egypt's premier archaeological museum, opened in 1902 on Tahrir Square, holding the Saqqara Bird figure (Journal d'entrée JE 33109, Special Register SR 4/6347) in Room 22 since shortly after its 1898 excavation. The object sat catalogued as an ordinary bird statuette for roughly seven decades before Khalil Messiha re-examined it here in 1969 and proposed his ancient-glider hypothesis three years later.

The town giving its name to the surrounding Pampa Colorada desert plateau, home to the pre-Columbian Nazca culture's more than 800 straight lines, 300 geometric figures, and roughly 730 figurative geoglyphs, created c. 500 BCE–500 CE. A 1955 Fate magazine claim, popularized by Erich von Däniken's 1968 Chariots of the Gods?, holds the site was an alien landing field — the subject of this site's Nazca Lines as "Landing Strips" file. Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994.

A major Hellenistic-era city on the Tigris, excavated by Leroy Waterman's University of Michigan expedition across 1927–32 and 1936–37, a short distance from Khujut Rabu and Ctesiphon. Waterman's team recovered directly comparable bitumen-sealed jars containing bronze cylinders that still held surviving papyrus and organic remains — the strongest physical comparanda evidence cited in this site's Baghdad Battery file for the scroll-storage reading of the Khujut Rabu jar.

The island capital of the Mexica (Aztec) empire, built on Lake Texcoco and ruled by Moctezuma II when Hernán Cortés's forces arrived in 1519. The setting of the Aztec Eight Omens narrative recorded in Sahagún's Florentine Codex, including the year-long "flame in the sky" cited in ufological historical-sightings literature as a possible pre-Columbian UFO sighting.

The shallow lake system surrounding Tenochtitlan, the setting for the fifth of the Aztec Eight Omens — the lake reportedly boiling and flooding the city without wind — and for the capture of the bird bearing a mirror in its head, the seventh omen, per Sahagún's Florentine Codex, Book 12.

Tenochtitlan's twin city, site of the Franciscan Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco (founded 1536) where Bernardino de Sahagún's trilingual Nahua students and informants compiled the Florentine Codex, including the Eight Omens chapter. Historian Matthew Restall documents that Book 12's core informants were drawn specifically from this community, which held out longest against the Spanish siege.

A Tularosa Basin city near Holloman Air Force Base and the White Sands Missile Range, on a dirt road on the outskirts of which Air Force Sergeant Charles L. Moody reported a hovering disc and about 85 minutes of missing time on August 13, 1975 — the subject of this site's The Charles Moody Abduction file.

A small Cass County town on Interstate 94, about 35 miles west of Fargo, used on this site as the nearest mapped reference for the stretch of I-94 roughly 45 miles west of Fargo where Sandra Larson, her daughter, and a companion reported glowing orange orbs and roughly an hour of missing time on August 26, 1975 — the subject of this site's The Sandra Larson Abduction file.

A sparsely populated stop in the Colorado Desert of eastern Riverside County, near which George Adamski told six companions to wait while he walked alone into the desert on November 20, 1952, later claiming a meeting with a Venusian he called Orthon — the subject of this site's George Adamski's Desert Center Contact file.

A broad, flat-topped desert mesa overlooking the Virgin and Muddy Rivers near Overton in Nevada's Moapa Valley, where Truman Bethurum worked the night shift as a batch-plant operator and mechanic for the Wells Cargo Construction Company's asphalt mixing plant in July 1952. Bethurum said he was first contacted here, before dawn on July 27, 1952, by the crew of a saucer he called the Admiral's Scow and its captain, Aura Rhanes — the founding location of this site's Truman Bethurum & the "Captain Aura Rhanes" Contacts file.

A seven-story freestanding boulder in the Mojave Desert near Landers, California, homesteaded by George Van Tassel beginning in 1947 and turned into the organizational hub of the 1950s contactee movement, hosting the annual Giant Rock Spacecraft Convention from 1953 into the late 1970s. Truman Bethurum became a regular fixture of the convention circuit here and married his third wife, Alvira, at a Giant Rock gathering in 1960, discussed in this site's Truman Bethurum & the "Captain Aura Rhanes" Contacts file.

A lighthouse-marked cape on the Santa Catarina coast, the nearest landmark to the reported position of the Argentine cargo ship Naviero, roughly 120 nautical miles further out to sea, when its crew reported a glowing, cigar-shaped object on July 30, 1967 — the subject of this site's The Naviero Ship Sighting file.

Indiana's capital, near which, in a wooded residential area Budd Hopkins pseudonymously called "Copley Woods," Debbie Jordan-Kauble and her mother reported backyard lights on June 30, 1983, in events that became the basis of Hopkins's bestseller Intruders — the subject of this site's The Kathie Davis / Copley Woods Case file.

The island municipality in the Amazon Delta that was the epicenter of the 1977 "Chupa Chupa" UAP wave, where residents reported attacks by luminous craft firing narrow beams of light that caused puncture wounds and blood loss. Led directly to the Brazilian Air Force's Operation Prato investigation.

A small farming municipality in the semi-arid interior of Rio Grande do Norte, a different Brazilian state than, and about 1,450 km from, Colares Island. On a rainy Sunday evening in May 1991, farmer Moises Campelo reported a silent, house-sized, spinning craft lifting him twice near his family's mountain farm, Sítio Timbaúba, a few miles north of town — the subject of this site's Attack on Moises file.

A near-symmetrical, 5,916-meter stratovolcano straddling the Chile–Bolivia border in the Atacama Desert, sacred to the local Atacameño (Likan Antai) people. On the night of September 28, 2019, roughly 340 people camped on the Chilean side of the volcano — near the Tebenquiche lagoons, hosted by the local Chalarquiche community, according to the organizer — for a publicly announced "programmed encounter" led by Peruvian contactee Ricardo González — the subject of this site's Licancabur Volcano Contact Event file.

A once-unincorporated community in southwestern Galveston County, Texas, along State Highway 6, annexed into the city of Santa Fe in 1978. On a night in May 1973, Judy Doraty and three family members reported watching a stationary, silent light in the sky while driving home after dropping off relatives here — the starting point of the encounter documented in this site's Judy Doraty Abduction file. Frequently misspelled "Alto Loma" in UFO literature, including in early secondary retellings of this case.

A small farming hamlet on the Cardigan Bay coast between Barmouth and Harlech, near Dyffryn Ardudwy, sitting almost directly above the Mochras Fault. Beginning December 5, 1904, lights were repeatedly reported around Capel Egryn during preacher Mary Jones's Welsh Revival meetings, documented in this site's Egryn Lights file. Researcher Paul Devereux later plotted the sighting locations against the fault trace and found a close geological correlation.

A wine-growing commune on the Cesse river in the Aude department; the January 14, 1974 sighting documented in this site's Bize-Minervois Sighting file actually occurred a few kilometers away near Agel, Hérault, but the case has always carried the name of the larger, nearer village. GEPAN investigated the site in 1978 and classified it PAN D (unexplained), though later skeptical researchers proposed a crop-spraying helicopter explanation.

The commonly cited regional identifier for the deliberately undisclosed hillside home where the November 1968 sighting documented in this site's Dr. X Encounter file took place. No primary investigative source names a specific address; "Aix-en-Provence" is a popularization used throughout the later secondary literature rather than a fact stated by original investigator Aimé Michel or by Jacques Vallée.

A village on the southeastern edge of Sheffield, administratively part of Derbyshire until 1967. In March 1962, in a field near the British Oak pub here, 14-year-old Alex Birch photographed five "saucer" shapes later confirmed, in a corroborated 1972 confession, to have been painted on glass — documented in this site's Alex Birch UFO Photograph Hoax file.

A township along the Chestnut Ridge near Uniontown, Fayette County. On October 25, 1973, on a farm near Uniontown, roughly fifteen witnesses reported a large red object descending and a glowing domed object in a pasture, followed by a close-range encounter with two creatures, one of which a pseudonymous witness fired on — the flagship incident of this site's 1973–74 Pennsylvania UFO-Bigfoot Wave file, independently investigated by psychiatrist Dr. Berthold Eric Schwarz.

A Fayette County borough near Connellsville. Retellings place here the February 6, 1974 Fayette County incident in which a woman reportedly fired a shotgun at a creature in her trailer doorway, which vanished in a flash of light while a red light hovered over nearby woods — the "vanishing Bigfoot" incident documented in this site's 1973–74 Pennsylvania UFO-Bigfoot Wave file, sourced entirely to investigator Stan Gordon's own archive.

Open Pacific Ocean roughly 35 miles west of Los Angeles, near Santa Catalina Island. On November 8, 2010, a KCBS-TV news helicopter camera crew filmed a rising, glowing contrail here that generated a brief national "mystery missile" scare, later identified as a commercial airliner contrail viewed nearly head-on — documented in this site's 2010 California Mystery Missile file.

Massachusetts's second-largest city and, in 1909, a major New England manufacturing center. Home of Wallace Tillinghast, the manufacturing-company vice president whose December 12, 1909 Boston Herald interview claiming a secret working airship triggered the Great New England Airship Wave. Downtown Worcester was also the site of the wave's largest single documented event: a mass sighting over the city's Christmas-shopping crowds on the evening of December 22, 1909, reported nationally by the New York Times and Washington Post.

England's historic naval dockyard city on the south coast. On June 1, 1950, a Meteor pilot from RAF Tangmere flying east at 20,000 feet over the Portsmouth area reported a circular object of bright metallic appearance passing on a reciprocal course 1,000–2,000 feet above him. An unusual radar response seen at RAF Wartling at about the same time was later found to be ten minutes apart from the sighting and was attributed to interference from another transmitter. The pairing became one of the earliest cases weighed by the Flying Saucer Working Party.

A small village in the Rhön foothills of southern Thuringia, then part of the Soviet-occupied zone and, from October 1949, the newly founded German Democratic Republic. On a forest road near here, in the early hours of June 17, 1950, village mayor Oskar Linke and his stepdaughter Gabriele reported a landed, disc-shaped object and two suited figures — an account Linke did not disclose until July 1952, in West Berlin, after fleeing the GDR, subject of this site's Oskar Linke East German Landing Case file. The neighboring village of Gleimershausen, which Linke served as mayor, was formally incorporated into Hasselbach on July 1, 1950, two weeks after the reported sighting.

A small farming village in the Soviet-occupied zone of southern Thuringia where Oskar Linke served as mayor at the time of his reported June 17, 1950 sighting on the forest road toward neighboring Hasselbach. Gleimershausen was formally incorporated into Hasselbach as an administrative boundary change on July 1, 1950, coincidentally just two weeks after the reported encounter. Subject location of this site's Oskar Linke East German Landing Case file.

The Hawaiian Islands mark the approximate Pacific ground track James McDivitt reported passing over in Gemini IV's cabin at the moment he sighted a cylindrical object with a protruding rod on June 4, 1965 — the sighting was made from low Earth orbit roughly 100–170 nautical miles overhead, not from Hawaii itself, but the islands are the nearest resolvable point on the ground beneath the spacecraft and also hosted a NASA tracking station (HAW) that relayed communications with the crew during the mission. Subject of this site's Gemini IV / McDivitt Cylindrical Object Sighting case file.

A former gold-mining town on the Stuart Highway, roughly 500km north of Alice Springs and the nearest sizeable town (about 130km) to Wycliffe Well. A late-1980s article in the local newspaper, the Tennant Times, on alleged Wycliffe Well sightings is credited with sparking the international attention that drove the roadhouse's later development into "the UFO capital of Australia."

A former roadhouse, caravan park, and petrol station on the Stuart Highway about 130km south of Tennant Creek and 375km north of Alice Springs, marketed for decades as "the UFO capital of Australia" on the strength of a visitor sighting logbook said to trace back to a WWII-era servicemen's record book. Developed into a full alien-themed tourist attraction from 1985 by owner Lew Farkas; abandoned after a catastrophic December 2022 flood and left vandalized and derelict. Subject of this site's Wycliffe Well UFO Hotspot case file.

A field of massive, rounded granite boulders beside the Stuart Highway roughly 25–30km north of Wycliffe Well, one of the oldest registered Aboriginal sacred sites in Australia and traditional country of the Alyawarre, Warumungu, Kaytetye, and Warlpiri peoples. Proponents of a "geological hotspot" theory for nearby Wycliffe Well's UFO reputation have speculatively linked the boulders' claimed energetic properties to the sighting reports, though no scientific study has substantiated any such connection. A WWII-era sighting attributed to army transport driver Viv Martin is said to have occurred near this formation.

The roughly 110-mile-wide, 220-mile-long body of water separating Taiwan from mainland China's Fujian coast, and one of the most heavily militarized and surveilled waterways of the Cold War. Beginning July 17, 1968, unidentified star-like objects were repeatedly sighted, mostly flying east to west, over the Strait's Republic of China-held offshore islands. A Nationalist technical team investigated them, and a U.S. Army intelligence report on its findings was later released from CIA files — the subject of this site's Taiwan Strait / Offshore Islands UFO Sightings case file.

A Republic of China-held archipelago just a few miles off the coast of Xiamen, mainland China — the front line of the 1954–55 and 1958 Taiwan Strait Crises and, for two decades after 1958, the site of a ritualized odd/even-day artillery exchange with the People's Liberation Army. Nationalist units on Kinmen also launched psychological-warfare balloons carrying propaganda leaflets toward the mainland. According to a 1968 U.S. Army intelligence report, unidentified star-like objects were sighted over Kinmen daily between 1915 and 2130 hours, and sometimes between 0400 and 0500, during the July–August 1968 wave documented in this site's Taiwan Strait / Offshore Islands UFO Sightings case file.

A second Republic of China-held offshore archipelago north of Kinmen, close to the mainland Chinese coast near Fuzhou, and — alongside Kinmen — one of the two garrisoned "offshore islands" whose defense the U.S. Seventh Fleet and the 1954 Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty were built around. The declassified U.S. Army (500th MI Group) report on the 1968 sighting wave states that “similar UFOs have been sighted also over MATSU (2609N/11956E)” — see this site's Taiwan Strait / Offshore Islands UFO Sightings case file for the full coordinate analysis.

Mexico's second-highest peak (5,393 m), an active stratovolcano known locally as "Don Goyo" and reactivated in December 1994 after decades of dormancy. Since Mexico's federal disaster-prevention agency CENAPRED installed its first monitoring webcam at the nearby Altzomoni station in January 1995, the volcano's own public-safety camera network has repeatedly recorded unexplained luminous objects near the crater, making it one of the most continuously filmed UFO hotspots in the world — the subject of this site's Popocatépetl Volcano UFO Sightings case file.

The Mexican state bordering Popocatépetl's eastern slopes, and the state from which the volcano's first reported UFO sightings emerged on September 7, 1991. The Atlixco-Metepec area, roughly twenty minutes from the volcano's western flank, was the epicenter of a separate 1989–1993 sighting boom centered on "Punto Marconi," a roadside site named by ufologist Jaime Maussan after engineer Norberto Gil Salgado documented its (purely optical) uphill-illusion effect — now marked by a permanent UFO monument and a 30th-anniversary commemorative plaque installed in 2022.

The nation occupying the eastern two-thirds of Hispaniola, host to the May 1968 La Boca Cumayasa Sighting off its southeastern Caribbean coast. Compared to neighboring Puerto Rico's much larger and better-documented UFO-reporting community, Dominican cases have historically been sparse in the international literature, most of what exists having been gathered secondhand by Puerto Rican researchers like Sebastián Robiou Lamarche rather than by a dedicated domestic ufology tradition of its own.

A Caribbean coastal provincial capital and historic sugar port, the nearest sizable city to La Boca Cumayasa, roughly 22 km to its west, where the May 1968 La Boca Cumayasa Sighting took place. This site's hero image for that case file depicts the city's own Caribbean-facing malecón (seafront promenade), the nearest coastline with a rights-clear public photograph, since no image of the remote fishing hamlet where the sighting itself occurred is known to exist.

A remote fishing hamlet at the mouth of the Río Cumayasa, where the river's protected mangrove estuary meets the Caribbean Sea in the Ramón Santana municipality. Just before dawn on May 13, 1968, businessman Isidro Álamo, his wife, and a hired sailor were sport fishing offshore here when they watched a glowing, color-changing object for nearly an hour, the event at the center of this site's La Boca Cumayasa Sighting case file. Research since has traced the sighting to a documented U.S. barium-vapor rocket release (Project Dogwood) launched from Puerto Rico that same predawn hour.

A port city on Cuba's north coast built around the deep, sheltered Bay of Matanzas, where the Yumurí, San Juan, and Canímar rivers meet the sea. Known locally as “La Atenas de Cuba” (the Athens of Cuba) for its 19th-century literary heritage and as the “City of Bridges” for the seventeen spans crossing its rivers, Matanzas is the setting of this site's Matanzas Skies UFO Formation case file: on the evening of December 21, 1993, resident and Radio Progreso correspondent Cándido Domínguez watched a formation of six or seven luminous, tailed objects cross the sky from his porch, a sighting corroborated the same night by Cuban Academy of Sciences meteorologists observing independently from Jovellanos and the city's own Versailles neighborhood.

A municipal town roughly 42 km southeast of Matanzas city, founded in 1842 as Corral de la Bemba and renamed in 1870 for Spanish writer Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos (locals still call it “Bemba”). On the night of December 21, 1993, Cuban Academy of Sciences meteorologist Jesús Gómez observed, according to a Radio Progreso broadcast, the same formation of luminous objects from Jovellanos that Cándido Domínguez and colleague Orestes Gribao reported from Matanzas itself — a detail preserved in this site's Matanzas Skies UFO Formation case file via a CIA-declassified FBIS translation of the original Cuban radio broadcast.

A historic barrio on the north bank of the Río Yumurí in Matanzas, reached from the city center by the 1878 Puente de la Concordia. According to a Cuban travel agency's history of the barrio, it was settled after 1791 by French planters fleeing the Haitian Revolution and named for the royal suburb of Paris. On December 21, 1993, meteorologist and longtime amateur UFO researcher Orestes Gribao watched the same formation of luminous, tailed objects from this neighborhood that reporter Cándido Domínguez saw from elsewhere in the city, the event at the center of this site's Matanzas Skies UFO Formation case file.

A large Euphrates flood-control reservoir, created in the 1950s by sealing a natural depression, adjacent to Al Taqaddum Air Base and near the site of the former RAF Habbaniya. In January 2024, filmmaker Jeremy Corbell claimed the base's October 2017 "Jellyfish UAP" performed a controlled dive into this lake before shooting back into the sky — a claim directly disputed by on-scene witness Michael Cincoski, who says no such water entry is visible in the original footage. Discussed in this site's "Jellyfish" UAP Over Al Taqaddum Air Base case file.

A city of roughly 62,000 on the southeastern bank of the Missouri River, directly across from Omaha, Nebraska and its Eppley Airfield. On the evening of December 17, 1977, separate groups of residents saw a reddish object fall or hover over the city's Big Lake Park, where responding police and fire officials found a mass of molten metal. Samples were analyzed by Iowa State University's Ames Laboratory and Griffin Pipe Products; physicist Jacques Vallée reviewed the case in 1998, and he re-analyzed a sample in 2022 with Stanford pathologist Garry Nolan. Discussed in this site's Council Bluffs, Iowa Molten Metal Fall case file.

A roughly 191-acre municipal park on Council Bluffs' northern city limit, built around a natural lake near the Missouri River levee. Just after 7:45 p.m. on December 17, 1977, witnesses driving nearby saw a bright reddish object fall behind the park's treeline; minutes later they found glowing, orange-red molten metal (later estimated at roughly 30 to 55 pounds) running down the edge of the levee near Gilbert's Pond, 16 feet from the paved road at 1900 N. Eighth Street, and the responding assistant fire chief found it still too hot to touch. The site of this site's Council Bluffs, Iowa Molten Metal Fall case file.

The provincial capital of Guizhou, a mountainous, karst-plateau province in southwestern China, with an urban core sitting at roughly 1,100–1,300 meters elevation across the city's hilly districts. In the early hours of December 1, 1994, residents and workers in the city's northern Duxi Forest Farm area, in what is now Baiyun District, reported a loud roar and intense light shortly before a swath of pine forest and a nearby rail-vehicle factory were found badly damaged — the incident at the center of this site's The Guiyang (Guizhou) Forest Incident case file.

A state-owned pine forestry farm in Guiyang's Baiyun District, about 18 km north of the city center; the provincial forestry bureau gives its area as about 3,277 mu (about 218 hectares) at 1,200–1,300 m elevation. Coordinates given here are approximate. In the early hours of December 1, 1994, during a thunderstorm with hail, more than 400 mu (about 27 hectares) of pine in the farm's Majiatang section was snapped off in four zones along a broken strip about 3 km long and 150–300 m wide, and a railway vehicle factory at Dulaying, about 5 km away, lost roofing and a wall while a freight car was moved about 20 m — the subject of this site's The Guiyang (Guizhou) Forest Incident case file. The farm sold admission tickets to the damage site for about a year.

A mid-sized city in Oregon's Willamette Valley, home to the University of Oregon and Eugene Airport / Mahlon Sweet Field (KEUG). On the night of December 7, 2024, the airspace west of the city — part of the FAA's Seattle Air Route Traffic Control Center (ZSE) sector — was the scene of radioed reports from a United Airlines crew, a Life Flight Network air-ambulance pilot and a Horizon Air crew describing lights that seemed to maneuver. Crew photos and video were later matched to Starlink satellite flares. This is the subject of this site's The December 2024 Eugene, Oregon Pilot Sightings case file. The Eugene area lies roughly 200 miles south-southwest of Mount Rainier, within the same Pacific Northwest corridor as the 1947 Kenneth Arnold sighting and the 1950 McMinnville photographs.

A market town roughly 60 km east of Paris in Seine-et-Marne, over which the cockpit crew of Air France Flight AF 3532 reported a large, dark reddish-brown disc on January 28, 1994, while cruising toward London at roughly 11,800 meters. The airliner's own reported position and the near-simultaneous unidentified track logged by the French Air Force's Cinq-Mars-la-Pile radar station, relayed through the CODA (Centre d'Opérations de la Défense Aérienne) command center at Taverny, do not agree on which side of the aircraft the object actually was — a geographic discrepancy central to the case's ongoing dispute.

A Mesilla Valley college and farming town on the Rio Grande, roughly twenty-five miles west of the main post of White Sands Proving Ground, where astronomer Clyde Tombaugh — then White Sands' Chief of Optical Measurements, and later a professor of astronomy at New Mexico State University — made his home. In the backyard of that home, on the night of August 20, 1949, Tombaugh, his wife, and his mother-in-law watched a geometric group of six to eight faint yellowish-green rectangles of light cross the sky in about three seconds (his wife saw the last second and a half), a sighting Air Force officials could not explain.

A high-desert city in the Indian Wells Valley of the Mojave Desert, immediately adjacent to Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake, one of the busiest military weapons-test ranges in the continental United States. Skeptical investigators geolocated Jake Barber's Skywatcher Technologies group's 2025 "summoning" footage — a brief clip presented as a UAP responding to the team's engineered "Dog Whistle" signal and a psionic operator — to Rocky Top Ranch in this area, a finding cited by critics as evidence the footage more likely shows conventional test-range aerial activity than an anomalous craft.

The rural piney woods area near Huffman and Dayton, Texas, where Betty Cash, Vickie Landrum and Colby Landrum reported a large, diamond-shaped, heat-emitting object, accompanied by what they counted as 23 helicopters, on the night of December 29, 1980. They later reported injuries they attributed to the object; Cash's hospital diagnoses were cellulitis and alopecia areata. A local policeman reported seeing about a dozen Chinook-type helicopters in the area that night.

A coastal municipality on the Atlantic shore of São Paulo state, backed by the forested Serra do Mar range and home to more than 100 named beaches. An anonymous September 1957 letter to columnist Ibrahim Sued claimed a "flying disk" exploded over the sea here, producing three fragments of unusually pure magnesium tested by laboratories for the following 65 years — though the exact claimed site, and any witness to the event, has never been identified.

A small farming municipality in the far west of Minas Gerais state, near the Rio Grande border with São Paulo state. On the night of October 15–16, 1957, farmer Antônio Vilas-Boas was plowing his family's fields here when he reported the landing of an egg-shaped craft and his capture by small humanoid occupants — the encounter that became the first widely documented modern alien abduction account. The exact field has never been precisely surveyed by any investigator; the initial 1958 inquiry took place roughly 760 km away, in Rio de Janeiro.

A remote, uninhabited volcanic island roughly 1,140 kilometers off the coast of Espírito Santo — the most isolated point in Brazilian territory and the easternmost extremity of the Vitória-Trindade seamount ridge. Dominated by the 620-meter Pico do Desejado, the island hosted a Brazilian Navy oceanographic and meteorological outpost established during the 1957–58 International Geophysical Year, the same expedition during which civilian photographer Almiro Barauna captured the Island of Trindade Sighting on January 16, 1958.

The Sierra Estrella, the mountain range southwest of Phoenix behind which the 10:00 PM Phoenix Lights appeared to wink out on March 13, 1997. The flares themselves were dropped by Maryland Air National Guard A-10s over the Barry M. Goldwater Range beyond the mountains. Two independent analyses of Mike Krzyston's video matched the lights to the ridgeline.

The offshore military warning area off Southern California, scheduled by the Fleet Area Control and Surveillance Facility (FACSFAC) San Diego. In July 2019 several Navy ships operating off Southern California — including USS Kidd, USS Rafael Peralta, USS Russell, USS John Finn and USS Paul Hamilton — logged small drones around them over a series of nights, and the leaked USS Omaha sphere video is described as filmed "in a warning area off San Diego." Exact positions for these encounters have not been released; the map point is approximate.

The stretch of open North Sea approximately five miles off Flamborough Head, Yorkshire, where Royal Navy divers located the wreckage of Captain William Schaffner's Lightning XS894 on October 7, 1970, roughly a month after he disappeared while shadowing an RAF Shackleton during a Cold War-era Tactical Evaluation exercise. The aircraft was recovered largely intact, its ejector seat unfired due to a servicing fault; Schaffner's body was never found. No trace of any unidentified craft was ever recovered from these waters — the "UFO" content of the case originates entirely in a 1992 newspaper account published more than two decades later.

The historic religious site over which multiple viral videos in January 2011 showed a glowing orb descending, hovering, and shooting upward. Video analysts soon showed the first clip was a Wikimedia Commons night photograph of the Old City filmed from a screen, with fake camera shake (betrayed by Motion Tile edge mirroring) and an added light; a second clip shared its soundtrack, and no independent witness came forward.

A village in Braxton County, West Virginia, where on September 12, 1952, after boys saw a fireball (a meteor seen in three states) appear to land on a hill on the Bailey Fisher farm, Kathleen May, Gene Lemon and five boys climbed the hill and glimpsed a tall, hooded, hissing figure with shining eyes; some were later nauseated. Air Force investigators and later Joe Nickell concluded the figure was most likely a barn owl.

The stretch of water separating Victoria from Tasmania where pilot Frederick Valentich disappeared in 1978 while flying a Cessna 182L. Before radio contact was lost, Valentich reported an unidentified object with a green light and a shiny exterior that he said was “hovering” above his aircraft.

The bank of the Pascagoula River where, on October 11, 1973, shipyard workers Charles Hickson and Calvin Parker reported being floated aboard and examined by three wrinkled, claw-handed beings after an object with flashing blue lights came down beside the old Schaupeter shipyard pier, near the U.S. 90 bridge. A historical marker was unveiled at Lighthouse Park on June 22, 2019.

A small village in Perthshire, Scotland, near the A9 road, where on 4 August 1990 two unidentified men, said to be Pitlochry hotel kitchen staff, reported watching a large diamond-shaped object hover for about ten minutes while a jet made passes, before it climbed away at high speed. One of their six photographs survives as a copy print.

A wooded volcanic-plug hill, locally called Dechmont Law, on the edge of Deans Forest in the Scottish new town of Livingston, West Lothian. On the morning of November 9, 1979, forester Robert Taylor encountered a large spherical object and two smaller spiked spheres in a clearing here, leaving him with torn trousers and grazes to his chin and thighs; police who went back with him found "ladder-shaped" tracks and small holes in the clearing, and Lothian and Borders Police recorded the incident as a criminal assault, reportedly the only UFO report in Britain to become the subject of a criminal investigation. A commemorative plaque was installed in January 1992 (later reported stolen), and in 2018 West Lothian Council created a UFO trail to the site.

A small farming village in the Vale of Edeirnion, at the foot of the remote Berwyn Mountains range along the Bala Fault Zone. On January 23, 1974, a real, British Geological Survey-recorded magnitude 3.5 ML earthquake struck near here at approximately 8:32–8:38 PM, accompanied by a coincident meteor fireball seen across much of Britain. Residents reported ground shaking and lights on the mountainside, and a genuine police and RAF Valley mountain rescue search that night found no wreckage of any kind. The case became known, through APEN letters, Jenny Randles's books of 1983 and 1995 and later 1990s retellings, as "the Welsh Roswell."

A small community on old U.S. Highway 40 (now Interstate 80) in the Sierra Nevada. In September 1964 bow hunter Donald Shrum, lost in the Loch Leven Lakes area south of the highway, spent the night in a pine tree and later reported lights, two silver-suited figures and robot-like objects; Project Blue Book filed the case as “Other (Psychological).”

The largest and deepest lake on Maine's remote Allagash Wilderness Waterway, where four Massachusetts art students witnessed a hovering sphere of light from their canoe near their campsite (later identified as Smith Brook) on the night of August 26, 1976.

The Dutch tidal estuary where, in Stefan Denaerde's 1969 book, the narrator's boat runs onto a half-submerged disc near the channel to Burgsluis and he spends about two days receiving screen briefings from its crew. The book is the only source.

A municipality in Puerto Rico where Amaury Rivera reported being abducted in 1988, subsequently photographing a disc-shaped craft closely pursued by a military F-14 fighter jet.

The Caribbean island known as a major UAP sighting hotspot, particularly active during the late 1980s and 1990s with military jet scramble reports and USO sightings near Roosevelt Roads.

A Puerto Rican island whose eastern two-thirds served for six decades as a U.S. Navy live-fire bombing range and Marine training area centered on Camp García, until sustained local protest forced the range's 2003 closure. Journalist Jorge Martín's book Vieques: Caribbean UFO Cover-Up of the Third Kind centers on an anonymously-sourced December 28, 1988 account of two Navy F-14 Tomcats scrambled to intercept a reportedly mile-wide triangular object near the island, which then vanished from radar along with the pursuing aircraft — a claim this site's own research could not independently verify beyond Martín's own reporting.

A municipality on Puerto Rico's northwestern Atlantic coast, home to the former Ramey Air Force Base (now Rafael Hernández Airport) and a resort/hospitality corridor whose hotels routinely release sky lanterns during celebrations — the practice AARO's 2025 case resolution cites as the likely origin of the objects filmed by a CBP aircraft's infrared sensor on the night of April 25–26, 2013.

The deepest trench in the Atlantic Ocean, containing the Milwaukee Deep (roughly 27,480 ft/8,376 m), and the implied site of a reported 1963 U.S. Navy anti-submarine exercise sonar contact with an unidentified fast-moving submerged object — a story from 1960s popular publications, best known through Ivan Sanderson's 1970 book, never confirmed by any surfaced Navy record.

The stretch of Highway 42 near Prospect where Lee Parrish was driving when his vehicle was enveloped in a beam of light, leading to a 45-minute period of missing time and examination.

Lincoln County seat on Kentucky Highway 78, the officially-listed location of the January 6, 1976 encounter in which Louise Smith, Mona Stafford, and Elaine Thomas reported a domed disc following their car on the road toward Hustonville and Liberty, followed by about an hour and 25 minutes of missing time (APRO). The object was first seen about a mile south of Stanford.

Small resort town in Vilas County, Wisconsin. Outside it, plumber and chicken farmer Joe Simonton said a saucer came down beside his house on April 18, 1961, and its crew gave him small pancakes for a jug of water drawn from his basement pump.

The stretch of Minnesota State Highway 27 about four miles east of town where KEYL radio announcer Jerry Townsend's car died before an upright, rocket-shaped object and three six-inch "beer-can" entities on October 23, 1965.

The gully about a mile south of Socorro where, on April 24, 1964, police officer Lonnie Zamora saw an oval, whitish object on legs with two figures in white coveralls before it rose on a blue and orange flame and flew away. Officers found four depressions and burned brush; Army, FBI and Air Force investigators examined the site, and Air Force laboratory tests found no abnormal radiation or propellant residue. Project Blue Book carried the case as “UNIDENTIFIED pending additional data.” A White Sands lunar-lander test and a student hoax remain the main conventional explanations. A visitor area with walkways was later built nearby.

The rented farmhouse near Kelly, about eight miles north of Hopkinsville, where on the night of August 21–22, 1955, eleven people reported small, shining figures at the windows, on the roof and in a tree for about three hours, after one visitor said he had seen a “flying saucer” land in a field behind the house. Police found a hole in a screen and a few shells but no creatures or landing marks; skeptics attribute the figures to great horned owls.

Westall High School (now Westall Secondary College) and "The Grange," the scrub-and-pine paddock (now Grange Reserve) south of it. On April 6, 1966, "hundreds of children and a number of teachers" (The Age) watched one or more silvery objects circled by light aircraft drop behind The Grange's trees, where a patch of flattened grass was found. Later testimony adds a landing, officials and a press ban. A UFO-themed playground opened at the reserve in 2013.

The Royal Air Force airfield in the Vale of York where, on the morning of September 19, 1952, about ten RAF aircrew (Shackleton crews of No. 269 Squadron detached for Exercise Mainbrace) watched a silver object swing down, stop, rotate, and accelerate away behind a Gloster Meteor descending towards nearby Dishforth, in a sighting lasting 15 to 20 seconds. Opened as a Bomber Command station in 1940, the airfield survives today as an enclave within Alanbrooke Barracks.

The North Sea and North Atlantic waters where NATO's first major naval exercise, Operation Mainbrace, took place in September 1952. Personnel from three nations — RAF aircrew at Topcliffe, a reporter and crew aboard USS Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Danish naval and air force officers — reported disc-shaped and spherical objects and lights; apart from Topcliffe, the reports survive mainly as brief NICAP and Ruppelt summaries.

County seat at Warren, in Ohio's Mahoning Valley along the Pennsylvania border. On the night of December 13–14, 1994, the county's 911 center fielded a wave of calls about a huge, silent, low-flying light, and officers from several departments reported it by radio over about six hours; dispatcher Roy Ann Rudolph later estimated fourteen or fifteen officers saw it. A compiled tape of the dispatch traffic survives (the Trumbull County UFO Chase).

Suburban township bordering Youngstown to the south. Residents near Samson Road began calling 911 shortly before midnight on December 14, 1994 about a bright, silent light hovering low over houses; Liberty Township Sgt. Toby Meloro, responding, said his cruiser's electrical systems failed as he approached it, an account central to the Trumbull County UFO Chase.

Township immediately east of Warren, the Trumbull County seat. During the December 14, 1994 Trumbull County UFO Chase, a Howland Township officer watched a light over the Youngstown Air Reserve Station with a base security guard, one of several departments whose officers reported the light by radio that night.

Central Oregon high-desert city, incorporated in 1910 and home to Roberts Field (Redmond Municipal Airport). Shortly before dawn on September 24, 1959, police officer Robert Dickerson and FAA Flight Service Specialist Laverne Wertz watched a bright, color-flashing light that had been seen to descend and hover at "several hundred feet"; the FAA reported it to Seattle, F-102 interceptors from Portland were sent to an Air Force radar target 25–40 miles to the south (later judged a false echo), and the Air Force eventually attributed the light to Venus.

Small lobster-fishing village on Nova Scotia's South Shore where, on October 4, 1967, at least eleven witnesses saw a line of lit objects descend toward the water. RCMP officers saw a light on the water before it went out, boats found only foam, and Navy divers searched the harbour floor for several days without result. A Department of National Defence memo stated that the sighting "was not caused by a flare, float, aircraft or in fact any known object."

Mid-sized coffee-farming city in the Sul de Minas region, site of the January 1996 Varginha UFO incident — Brazil's most formally documented UAP case. The Jardim Andere and Humaitá districts saw a firefighter creature search and the famous Liliane/Valquíria Silva & Kátia Xavier sighting; the city center's flying-saucer-shaped water tower, the Nave Espacial de Varginha, now commemorates the case.

A small far-northern Maine town whose fortunes were built around, and later devastated by the 1994 closure of, adjoining Loring Air Force Base — the population fell roughly 76% after the base shut down. In October 1975 an unidentified low-flying aircraft repeatedly approached the nuclear weapons storage area of the adjoining base, a story the Bangor Daily News first reported through its Presque Isle bureau and revisited in 2009 and 2015.

A dramatic stretch of coastline where the Seaward Kaikōura mountain range meets a steep continental shelf, long used by commercial squid-jigging fleets working at night under intense deck lighting. On the nights of December 21 and December 30–31, 1978, cargo aircraft flying the overnight Blenheim–Wellington–Christchurch freight run reported unexplained lights here while Wellington radar was painting unidentified returns off the Clarence River; on the second night a television crew filmed lights on 16mm colour film. The RNZAF and DSIR attributed most of the sightings to Venus seen through a disturbed atmosphere, the lights of a Japanese squid fleet sailing down the coast, and spurious radar returns.

New Zealand's capital-city airport, whose air traffic control radar (on Hawkins Hill) painted unidentified returns off the Clarence River on 20–21 and 30–31 December 1978 and asked Safe Air crews to look for them; controller John Cordy has said the targets tracked an Argosy for 40 miles. The RNZAF concluded the returns were most probably spurious, and the DSIR found no case in which an unidentified return was shown to coincide with a visual sighting.

Home base of Safe Air Ltd's overnight freight operation and the adjoining RNZAF station, from which the airline's Armstrong Whitworth Argosy freighters — including ZK-SAE, "Merchant Enterprise" — flew the night newspaper, mail and cargo runs at the center of the December 1978 sightings. The RNZAF orderly officer, W/O Uffindell, and the duty air traffic controller reported three moving lights from the base at 11:50 PM on 20 December 1978, the first report in the RNZAF file; the two Safe Air flights of 21 December departed from here, and the 30–31 December flight, which began at Wellington, landed here at about 3:15 AM.

A vast open-pit copper and molybdenum mine on the high Andean plateau roughly 180 km southeast of Iquique, at approximately 4,200–4,300 m elevation — one of the largest copper deposits on Earth, jointly owned by Anglo American, Glencore, and a Mitsui-led consortium. In mid-April 2013, mine personnel (35 in the Chilean press; four technicians in Leslie Kean's account) watched a brilliant silvery disc hover and maneuver for one to two hours some 600 meters above the site; one technician photographed it twice, and the images reached CEFAA in February 2014. Officials ruled out drones, aircraft, and weather balloons, and CEFAA's July 2014 study, which its director called one analyst's determination, classified the object a UFO.

A Pacific coastal patrol corridor roughly 90–120 km west of Santiago, bracketed by the container port of San Antonio to the south and the refining and naval town of Quintero to the north, and flown regularly by the Chilean Navy's general-purpose helicopter squadron (HU-1) out of the Base Aeronaval "El Belloto" near Viña del Mar. On November 11, 2014, a Navy AS-532 Cougar helicopter on routine patrol here recorded roughly nine minutes of FLIR video of an unidentified "flat, elongated structure," later investigated for two years by CEFAA and publicly released in January 2017.

A blockaded North Korean port city on the Korean War's east coast, under an 861-day United Nations naval siege beginning February 1951. Roughly 30 miles west-southwest of the city, above 20,000 feet on the night of January 29, 1952, a B-29 Superfortress crew reported a glowing orange sphere pacing their aircraft — the first of the two independent sightings that make up the Wonsan-Sunchon UFO Incident.

A North Korean city near Pyongyang, west-northwest of Wonsan (the 1952 sightings were 63 miles apart by the FEAF intelligence summary, about 90 by Ruppelt), that FEAF Bomber Command targeted repeatedly as a rail-interdiction objective during the Korean War. Around 24 minutes after the first sighting near Wonsan on January 29, 1952, the left gunner and tail gunner of a second B-29, from a different squadron, reported a similar light-orange globe following their aircraft for about a minute, completing the Wonsan-Sunchon UFO Incident.

A small town in far northern Tucumán Province, near the Salta Province border, seat of Trancas Department and home to the Church of the Sacred Heart, a National Historic Monument. On the night of October 21, 1963, the Moreno family at nearby Finca Santa Teresa reported multiple lighted objects for about forty minutes along the adjoining General Belgrano Railway embankment, the event now known worldwide as the Trancas Case.

The Moreno family's rural property outside Trancas, bounded by a pea field and a wire fence along the General Belgrano Railway embankment. Here, on the night of October 21, 1963, Dora Guzmán first spotted unusual lights, touching off the encounter later documented as the Trancas Case; a white powder collected at the site the next morning was analyzed at the National University of Tucumán.

Argentina's longest railway, a state-owned metre-gauge network formed in 1948 from nationalized British and French lines and named for independence hero Manuel Belgrano, running north from Buenos Aires through Santa Fe, Córdoba, and Tucumán toward Salta and Jujuy. Its embankment past Finca Santa Teresa is where the Moreno family reported multiple lighted objects on October 21, 1963, and the corridor along which, researcher Roberto Banchs argues, Army troops with searchlights were moving toward Salta that week.

A farming town of roughly 3,000 people about 75 km (straight-line) southwest of Winnipeg, seat of the Rural Municipality of Dufferin in the flat, grain-elevator-dotted prairie of the Pembina Valley region. Carman became the epicenter of the Charlie Redstar UFO wave of 1975–76, logging 53 recorded sightings in Ufology Research's database of just over 2,000 Manitoba reports spanning two centuries — second only to Winnipeg's 767 — most of them from the Charlie Redstar period. The wave centered on Bob and Elaine Diemert's farm and private airstrip on the town's edge, and the community marked the 50th anniversary of the sightings in 2025 with a Golden Prairie Arts Council reception, exhibit and fan art, and a "Table for 300" community dinner.

A grass private airstrip (Transport Canada identifier CJB2) on Bob Diemert's farm on the western edge of Carman, Manitoba, used by Diemert to fly and restore vintage and experimental aircraft. It was on the walk from the Diemert farmhouse to this airstrip that the first documented Charlie Redstar sighting occurred on April 10, 1975, and the field itself became the informal gathering point for hundreds of nightly "UFO-watching" visitors throughout the summer that followed.

Manitoba's capital and largest city, roughly 88 km northeast of Carman, and home base of Winnipeg-based UFO research organization Ufology Research, whose 200-year sighting database records the Charlie Redstar wave's roughly 2,000-report provincial context. A "Charlie Redstar"-attributed light was itself reported over Winnipeg on July 4, 1975, and the city's daily newspaper, the Winnipeg Free Press, along with television station CKY-TV, provided some of the wave's most extensive contemporary press coverage.

A town roughly 300 km northwest of Carman in Manitoba's Parkland region, among the additional Manitoba communities that generated reports to the National Research Council's Meteor Centre in Ottawa as the wider 1975 provincial UFO wave — of which Charlie Redstar was the most concentrated and best-known cluster — spread beyond the Pembina Valley.

A semi-industrial suburb on the eastern edge of Caracas, home in 1954 to food-processing plants supplying the capital's predawn markets. On Bella Vista Street (also given as Buena Vista), near the Industria Nacional de Embutidos (Scheper) meat business, delivery driver Gustavo González and his helper José Ponce encountered a hovering luminous object and a small, hairy, clawed humanoid in the early hours of November 28–29, 1954, an encounter reported at the Transit Inspectorate around the corner at about 2:30 AM and now known across Latin American ufology as the Petare Close Encounter.

Venezuela's second city, on the western shore of the narrow strait connecting Lake Maracaibo to the Gulf of Venezuela. A rural hut "a few leagues" outside the city was the site of the October 24, 1886 incident described in U.S. Consul Warner Cowgill's letter to Scientific American, in which a family of nine developed radiation-like sores after a humming, dazzling light illuminated their home. The exact hut site is not recorded, but the wider Lake Maracaibo basin — and especially the Catatumbo River delta at its southwestern corner — is scientifically documented as the most electrically active location on Earth, making the region's own natural Catatumbo lightning phenomenon the leading conventional explanation candidate for the case.

A small mill-village census-designated place within the town of Ashburnham, a few miles from Fitchburg in northern Worcester County. The private residence of Betty Andreasson here was the site of the January 25, 1967 encounter that became Raymond Fowler's twelve-month CUFOS/MUFON investigation and the subject of The Andreasson Affair (1979) and its four sequel volumes.

The southernmost town in Berkshire County, in the rural Housatonic River valley of western Massachusetts. The Reed family says their car was engulfed in light while crossing the Old Covered Bridge (Covered Bridge Lane) here on the night of September 1, 1969, part of a broader multi-town light-sighting wave. A privately funded monument was dedicated on the riverbank in 2015, removed by the town in 2019 over a documented property-line dispute, after which a sign and smaller markers remained at the site, promoted as the "Thom Reed UFO Monument Park."

The plain in modern Haryana traditionally identified as the site of the Mahabharata's climactic eighteen-day war, where the epic's mantra-invoked astra weapons — including the Brahmastra and Narayanastra — are narratively deployed. The Jyotisar site within the city is venerated today as the traditional spot where Krishna delivered the discourse that became the Bhagavad Gita to Arjuna, the real text J. Robert Oppenheimer quoted after the Trinity test. No archaeological excavation ties any physical "weapon" evidence to this location; the identification rests on textual and devotional tradition.

The Pacific coast of former Hitachi Province, where at least four Edo-period manuscripts place the alleged February 1803 landing of the utsuro-bune ("hollow ship") and its unidentified passenger. Folklorist Kazuo Tanaka's archival research connects the most detailed account's garbled place names to Sharihama beach in the modern Hasaki district, cross-referenced against cartographer Inō Tadataka's real 1801 coastal survey — a plausible geographic anchor for a story whose historicity otherwise remains unverified.

A 120-mile freshwater lake forming much of the border between Vermont and New York, with its northern tip extending into Québec. Its Malletts Bay arm, on the Vermont shore near Colchester, is the setting of the 1968 Buff Ledge Encounter, in which a witness recalled a domed object plunging briefly into the lake and re-emerging. The lake is separately famous in regional folklore for "Champ," an unrelated cryptid legend with no connection to the 1968 UAP report.

A private girls' summer camp on the Clay Point peninsula of Malletts Bay, an arm of Lake Champlain, run in 1968 by directors Mary and Maskel Hunt. On the evening of August 7, 1968, sixteen-year-old maintenance worker Michael Lapp and nineteen-year-old water-ski instructor Janet Cornell were alone on the camp's boat dock — most staff and campers having left for a swim meet in Burlington — when, by Lapp's conscious recall, a domed craft plunged briefly into the bay and re-emerged. The camp no longer operates as a children's facility; the property is today a private equine co-op community, and a smaller dock stands where the camp's dock once was (Colchester Sun, 2017).

A small lake in the sparsely populated far north of Sweden, near the hamlet of the same name in Överkalix Municipality, about 20 kilometers south of the Arctic Circle. On July 19, 1946, haymakers Knut Lindbäck and Beda Persson watched a gray, torpedo-shaped "ghost rocket" plunge into the lake, triggering the most intensive single search of the entire 1946 wave — a Swedish military operation (July 20–August 12, 1946) led by army Lt. Karl-Gösta Bartoll that recovered no metal parts, only a crater in the lake bottom. The lake remains the wave's best-documented individual incident and the namesake case within The Swedish Ghost Rockets.

Sweden's capital, seat of the Swedish Defence Staff and its 1946 "Ghost Rocket Committee," and the single-day epicenter of the wave's largest concentration of reports — over 300 on August 11, 1946 alone, near the peak of that year's Perseid meteor shower. It was also here, in August 1946, that James H. Doolittle and David Sarnoff received informal Swedish military briefings on the radar-tracked sightings during an ostensibly private visit.

A planted coastal pine and beech forest between the town of Ängelholm and the beach at Skälderviken, in northwestern Skåne. On May 18, 1946, railway worker Gösta Carlsson claimed he encountered a landed disc and its crew in a clearing here; in September 1972 he had a concrete, one-eighth-scale monument to the encounter installed on the spot, now registered by the Swedish National Heritage Board (RAÄ Strövelstorp 47:1) and a minor national tourist attraction. It is unrelated to the same year's separate, nationwide Swedish Ghost Rockets wave.

The administrative capital of the entire French West Africa federation in 1952, governed from here by High Commissioner Bernard Cornut-Gentille, and a critical transatlantic refueling waypoint. At 6:08 AM on July 3, 1952, according to a Dakar weekly quoted in a CIA press digest, a witness here reported a flat, tapered flying saucer issuing bluish and reddish flames as it passed south at high speed, at a time when the stars were no longer visible and no aircraft were over the city — the anchor incident of UFO Sightings Over Morocco and French West Africa.

A colonial timber-export harbor on Mandji Island in the Ogooué River delta. In the early hours of June 1, 1952, the anonymous master and first mate of a cargo ship anchored in the roadstead here watched a silent, very bright orange light come from inland, stop, veer right and resume course twice, then move off at great speed — a case France's official UAP agency GEIPAN classifies D, unidentified.

Tunisia's capital, on the Gulf of Tunis. On the evening of July 13, 1969, "many observers" across the city — reportedly including U.S. Embassy officials — watched a full-moon-sized greenish-blue cloud near Polaris while a separate star-like point of light nearby appeared to "explode" into its own expanding greenish cloud, per a declassified State Department cable ("Tunisian Firefall") later released by the NSA.

Morocco's largest city under the French protectorate, where former pilot André Assorin reported a flying saucer in mid-June 1952 (the Meteorological Bureau said it had seen nothing), part of UFO Sightings Over Morocco and French West Africa. Five months later, on December 7–8, 1952, the city became the site of major anti-colonial riots that helped set in motion Sultan Mohammed V's 1953 exile.

An imperial city in Morocco's Middle Atlas foothills where, at 1:00 PM on June 7, 1952, two witnesses reported a flying object moving "at lightning speed" (far faster than T-33 jets flying near the Meknes base), trailing white smoke and making no sound, before it stopped and vanished toward Ifrane — the earliest dated report in UFO Sightings Over Morocco and French West Africa. On July 14, 1952, a couple reported a 30-second sighting of an object travelling from the Ifrane area toward Meknes.

A small town in Morocco's Gharb plain where, on the night of July 12, 1952, two police officers on patrol reported two elongated, white-light-trailing discs crossing from north to south at high speed — one of the case's few incidents involving on-duty occupational witnesses, documented in UFO Sightings Over Morocco and French West Africa.

A small Romney Marsh town on Kent's English Channel coast, adjoining the British Army's Lydd and Hythe ranges and Lydd Airport. At around 8:00 p.m. on April 21, 1991, an Alitalia airliner descending through about 22,000 feet over Lydd on its way to Heathrow (about six miles west of the Lydd radio beacon, according to one account of the MOD file) was the site of the West London / Heathrow UFO Sighting — popularly associated with Heathrow because that was the flight's destination, even though the object itself was sighted well out over Kent, some 60-plus miles short of the airport.

A town on the St. Lawrence estuary's north shore in Quebec's Côte-Nord region. On the night of June 29, 1954, a BOAC Boeing 377 Stratocruiser, RMA Centaurus, passed through the airspace near here at 19,000 feet en route from New York to Goose Bay, Labrador when Capt. James Howard's crew watched a large, shape-changing object and six smaller companions pace the aircraft for 18 minutes, beginning about 20 minutes' flying time northeast of the town, in the BOAC Stratocruiser "Centaurus" Sighting.

A town on Random Sound in Trinity Bay, on Newfoundland's east coast, roughly 190 km from St. John's. In the early hours of October 26, 1978, RCMP Constable James Blackwood and a dozen residents of the town's Marine Drive watched a large, fin-tailed object hover just above the water toward Random Island for nearly two hours in the Clarenville UFO Sighting, one of the best-known UFO cases in Canadian history and the subject of a 2020 Royal Canadian Mint commemorative coin.